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Bio-Implants Derived from Biocompatible and Biodegradable Biopolymeric Materials
Published in P. Mereena Luke, K. R. Dhanya, Didier Rouxel, Nandakumar Kalarikkal, Sabu Thomas, Advanced Studies in Experimental and Clinical Medicine, 2021
Materials commonly used in implants are stainless steel (SS316L), aluminum alloys, titanium alloys, polymers, polyetheretherketone, ceramics, and alumina chromium and nickel alloys, etc. If an implant stops to perform the function for which it was inserted it is then said to be failed.
Inhalation Toxicity of Metal Particles and Vapors
Published in Jacob Loke, Pathophysiology and Treatment of Inhalation Injuries, 2020
Antimony is alloyed with lead, copper, and other metals. Certain Sb compounds are used for flameproof textiles and for ceramics and glassware, pigments, and antiparasitic drugs. Uses of alloys include solder, ammunition, bearing metals, and lead storage batteries.
Introduction to Bio-Implants
Published in S Santhosh Kumar, Somashekhar S. Hiremath, Role of Surface Modification on Bacterial Adhesion of Bio-Implant Materials, 2020
S Santhosh Kumar, Somashekhar S. Hiremath
Metals: Titanium and its alloys are the metals of choice for dental and orthopaedic implants. Some of the commonly used metals are stainless steel, titanium and titanium alloys, gold, cobalt-chromium alloys, zirconium, niobium, tantalum, and so on.
Intervention of 3D printing in health care: transformation for sustainable development
Published in Expert Opinion on Drug Delivery, 2021
Sujit Kumar Debnath, Monalisha Debnath, Rohit Srivastava, Abdelwahab Omri
Immediate release polymers like Kollidon VA64 and Kollidon 12PF were found to be suitable for low-temperature FDM printing. Polylactic acid (PLA) and acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) are thermoplastic materials and are frequently used in FDM machines [42]. Newer thermoplastics such as polyether ether ketone and polyetherimide are also explored in FDM printing [43]. 3D printing scaffolds has been extensively explored in bone tissue engineering. Ceramics materials like hydroxyapatite (HA), β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP), α-TCP, biphasic calcium phosphates (BCP), bioactive glasses, etc. are used extensively in the preparation of 3D-printed scaffolds. However, these materials often fail to produce sufficient mechanical strength to the bone. Therefore, bio-ceramics are blended with lactose, polycaprolactone (PCL), or poly(d,l-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA). Titanium alloys are extensively used in many fields including medical implants due to their high strength-to-weight ratio, high corrosion resistance, and is biocompatible. Most of the EBM research in the biomedical field has been carried out with CP-Ti and Ti-6Al-4 V. But, these materials have some lacuna. CP-TI scaffold did not show adequate mechanical properties, whereas Ti-AL-4 V is not biocompatible [44].
Discrepancy in alloy composition of imported and non-imported porcelain-fused-to-metal (PFM) crowns produced by Norwegian dental laboratories
Published in Biomaterial Investigations in Dentistry, 2020
Håvard Jostein Haugen, Brandon Michael Soltvedt, Peter N. Nguyen, Hans Jacob Ronold, Gaute Floer Johnsen
Subsequently, the crowns were grouped according to laboratories, alloy-type and organized in predetermined categories defined as: No deviation included crowns with only minor deviations in major constituents (elements that comprised >20 wt. %) and slight deviations in additional elements that comprised <10 wt. %. Small deviation included crowns with deviations <5 wt. percentage concerning major constituents and/or deviations >1 wt. % in additional elements that comprised <10 wt. %. Large deviation included deviations >5wt. % concerning major constituents and missing additional elements. This category also included crowns with elements that should not be found in the relevant alloys such as aluminum (Al) or were not specified. Incorrect alloy refers to crowns that comprised of elements similar to a different type of alloy. For example, a crown marked as CopraBond K with results showing elements such as silver (Ag) and palladium (Pd) and is likely an Argelite61 alloy. Unspecified alloy were crowns delivered without or with lacking alloy information.
Susceptibility to biofilm formation on 3D-printed titanium fixation plates used in the mandible: a preliminary study
Published in Journal of Oral Microbiology, 2020
Lukasz Palka, Justyna Mazurek-Popczyk, Katarzyna Arkusz, Katarzyna Baldy-Chudzik
Titanium and its alloys are a type of biomaterials that have been increasingly used in many medical devices due to its biocompatibility, mechanical and anti-corrosive properties. Additive 3D printing technologies create an opportunity to quickly acquire and optimally match medical tools to the patient’s needs. In these studies, we have shown that the raw, rough surface of the fixation plate obtained by 3D technology promotes adhesion and biofilm formation by various microbiota. It has been shown that the ability to adhere and form biofilm can vary between strains of S. aureus and S. epidermidis, which are potential surgical contaminating pathogens, and of S. mutans, L. rhamnosus, and C. albicans, which are parts of the oral microbiota. These preliminary studies underscore the importance of the surface properties of raw 3D-printed plates, which can promote bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation. Further studies comparing a raw, rough surface with a polished or modified surface may reveal more relationships between the surface character of the 3D-printed plate and the ability of bacteria to form biofilm.