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Inhalation Toxicity of Metal Particles and Vapors
Published in Jacob Loke, Pathophysiology and Treatment of Inhalation Injuries, 2020
The only effect of chronic exposure to nickel, which has been studied, is carcinogenesis. Chronic exposure to very low levels of Ni(CO)4 produces squamous metaplasia of the bronchial epithelium and carcinoma of the upper respiratory tract and lungs (Sunderman et ah, 1959). Nickel carcinogenicity from tobacco smoke is attributed to Ni(CO)4 (Sunderman and Sunderman, 1961).
Science Behind Maca: A Traditional Crop from the Central Andes
Published in Raj K. Keservani, Anil K. Sharma, Rajesh K. Kesharwani, Nutraceuticals and Dietary Supplements, 2020
Gustavo F. Gonzales, Cinthya Vasquez-Velasquez, Dulce Esperanza Alarcón-Yaquetto
Elevated contents of nickel (Ni) in soils and foodstuffs can threaten human health. As the content of this metal in soil, water, and food may vary from place to place, the associated risks will also be different (Yeganeh et al., 2013). This is particularly important in China since food safety is regarded as one of its main concerns in public health (Zhang et al., 2015). Comparing among different food commodity groups, nickel concentrations are highest in nuts and legumes (128 and 55 μg/100 g, respectively). A previous study showed a potential health risk from nickel via dietary intake of foodstuffs for Chinese consumers (Feng et al., 2009). The content of nickel in Chinese maca as that in Yunnan, ranging from 4500 (Zhang et al., 2015) to 11,300 µg/kg dw (Wang et al., 2014) must be considered as the highest among foodstuffs and must be of concern, particularly in the Chinese population (Feng et al., 2009).
Release of Nickel Ion from the Metal and Its Alloys as Cause of Nickel Allergy
Published in Jurij J. Hostýnek, Howard I. Maibach, Nickel and the Skin, 2019
Jurij J. Hostýnek, Katherine E. Reagan, Howard I. Maibach
Due to its metallurgical characteristics, nickel is a component of most alloys used in metal objects with which people come into frequent contact: articles of common everyday use, as well as medical devices designed for prolonged, intimate contact with live tissue. According to epidemiologic studies, three types of exposure can be considered the principal etiological factors leading to primary (induction) or secondary (elicitation) nickel sensitivity: Intimate and prolonged skin contact with nickel-releasing costume jewelry, particularly when piercing of the skin is involved for the sake of embellishment with articles made of nickel-releasing metal, which may also constitute systemic sensitization as the key inductive effectSustained and habitual contact with nickel-releasing metal objects, particularly if the skin is chronically irritated by exposure to harsh chemicals, as it occurs in the occupational settingExposure of the organism to nickel releasing orthopedic devices, such as prostheses or pace makers
Occurrence, distribution, and environmental risk assessment of heavy metals in the vicinity of Fe-ore mines: a global overview
Published in Toxin Reviews, 2022
Prafulla Kumar Sahoo, Mike A. Powell, Gabriel Caixeta Martins, Roberto Dall'Agnol, Gabriel Negreiros Salomão, Sunil Mittal, Paulo Rógenes Monteiro Pontes, José Tasso Felix Guimarães, Jose Oswaldo de Siqueira
Nickel is toxic at low concentrations depending on species/compound. Exposure can impact kidney, bone, thyroid glands and may also cause nausea, vomiting, visual disturbances, headache, giddiness, cough, and inhibit DNA repair enzymes. China, South Korea, and Nigeria have all reported sample averages between 100–1000 mg kg−1, all the rest of the countries (except Malaysia, 3.4 mg kg−1) have average values close to 50–100 mg kg−1 (Figure 3). Ni is more concentrated in TL and SL + OB than SD, which showed a wide variation from 5.6–860 mg kg−1, 1.13–716 mg kg−1, 0.7–137 mg kg−1, respectively. When compare to average world background soil values, and UCC, nearly 40 sites exceeded these limits. The prevention and intervention values for Ni established by Brazilian regulation are 30 and 70 mg kg−1, respectively (CONAMA 2009). The highest concentration of Ni (860 mg kg−1) was found in Itakpe, Nigeria. The CF values of Ni vary from 0.06–40.22, 0.31–48.3, and 0.04–7.71 in SL + OB, TL and SD, respectively (Table 3). Based on CF of Ni, SL and TL from Itakpe, Nigeria is extremely contaminated, while from other sites are categorized as low to strongly contaminated (Table 3).
Toxic metals in agricultural soils near the industrial areas of Bangladesh: ecological and human health risk assessment
Published in Toxin Reviews, 2021
Tapos Kormoker, Ram Proshad, Saiful Islam, Saad Ahmed, Krishno Chandra, Minhaz Uddin, Mahfuzur Rahman
The solubility of nickel in soils increases with its acidity and if the acidity increases it results higher Ni in soils (Baralkiewicz and Siepak 1999). Nickel can cause dermatitis, lung fibrosis, cardiovascular, and kidney diseases and cancer of the respiratory tract in the human body (Hasnine et al.2017). In this study, Ni concentrations ranged between 1.02 and 77.32 mg/kg in the study area. The highest concentration (77.32 mg/kg) was found at Udoipur and the lowest value (1.02 mg/kg) at Chourhas (Table 2). The elevated levels of Ni were found in this study which results from localized additions or accidental spillages of Ni containing materials (Govil et al.1998, Krishna and Govil 2007). The mean concentration of Ni was found 21.0 mg/kg in this study which was lower than the Dutch Soil Quality Standard (VROM 2000), Canadian Environmental Quality Guidelines (CCME 2003), and Australian Guideline for Soil Quality (DEP 2003). Nickel concentration in soils of this study were also compared to the other study conducted in Bangladesh and other countries and found that Ni concentration in this study was higher than the other studies (Luo et al.2011, Acosta et al.2011, Proshad et al.2018b) (Table 3).
Copper oxide nanoparticles for the removal of divalent nickel ions from aqueous solution
Published in Toxin Reviews, 2021
Monika Jain, Mithilesh Yadav, Smita Chaudhry
Copper, chromium, cadmium, cobalt, zinc, lead, nickel, arsenic, and iron are the commonly occurring heavy metals in the industries and are toxic even at low concentrations (Anitha et al.2015). Whereas, the heavy metals like copper, zinc, nickel, boron, iron, molybdenum are required in trace amounts in the form of micronutrients for the proper growth of the human beings and plants (Vardhan et al.2019). But, if consumed in concentrations beyond permissible limits, they could be harmful as they are non-biodegradable and are quickly absorbed in human body through food chain (Kiruba et al.2014). Nickel is a toxic heavy metal that is both environmentally and occupationally unsafe. It is a carcinogen, an embryotoxin and a teratogen. It causes various kind of ailments in human beings such as vomiting, nausea, headache, tightness in the chest, dizziness, dry cough, shortness of breath, chest pain, developmental effects in children, rapid respiration, cyanosis etc. (Pandey et al.2007). Nickel causes nickel hypersensitivity in kids, particularly in developed countries (Vardhan et al.2019). Its fumes cause irritation to respiratory system leading to pneumonitis and fibrosis (ATSDR 2005, Atkovska et al.2018). Liver and kidney are also affected on exposure to nickel. A rare skin disease called dermatitis (nickel itch) is caused in humans due to contact with nickel and its compounds (WHO 2005).