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Breast cancer
Published in Peter Hoskin, Peter Ostler, Clinical Oncology, 2020
This is more common than lobular carcinoma in situ. About 90% cases are asymptomatic and detected by breast screening, and only a small percent present with a lump or nipple discharge or Paget disease of the breast (see the section ‘Paget disease of the breast’). Indeed the introduction of breast screening led to an increase in the diagnosis rate. Central necrosis leads to calcium deposition and this calcification can be detected by mammography. Two percent of surgically staged patients have spread to the axilla owing to the areas of unrecognized invasive carcinoma. About 40% will progress to invasive carcinoma after biopsy alone and treatment is aimed at preventing progression to invasive disease.
The Breast
Published in E. George Elias, CRC Handbook of Surgical Oncology, 2020
Paget’s disease of the breast is ductal carcinoma that involves the main ducts at the nipple. It usually presents as an itching, eczematous, and painful lesion. The prognosis depends on the absence or presence of a mass under the lesion and is exactly like any other ductal carcinoma as it depends on the stage of the disease at the time of the diagnosis.
Breast
Published in Joseph Kovi, Hung Dinh Duong, Frozen Section In Surgical Pathology: An Atlas, 2019
Joseph Kovi, M.D. Hung Dinh Duong
CLINICAL FINDINGS: Erythema, induration, erosion, scaling, oozing, and crust (eczema) of nipple and consequently of the areola. The earliest sign is reddening of the nipple.47 In the Memorial Hospital for Cancer and Allied Diseases series,89 of 209 cases of histologically proven Paget’s disease of the breast, 96 (45.9%) patients had no palpable masses, and 113 (54.1%) had palpable masses. Sixty-six percent (66%) of patients with no palpable masses had pathologically only intraductal carcinoma, and 90% of patients with palpable masses had invasive duct carcinoma. Modified radical mastectomy was recommended for patients who did not have a palpable mass, and radical mastectomy was advised for those with a palpable mass.
A retrospective study comparing different injection approaches of 5-aminolevulinic acid in patients with non-melanoma skin cancer
Published in Journal of Dermatological Treatment, 2022
Weihong Zhao, Jun Wang, Ying Zhang, Baoyong Zheng
Being a retrospective study, the number of patients enrolled in the study was small. Personal history has limited data, for example, immunosuppressive therapy has a significant effect over cancer therapy (6). Treatment efficacy: 69% had a complete response, however, a 6-months follow up is very short. Additional time of follow-up may predict more factors for recurrence (17). It is recommended 12–24 months of follow up, this will be better true efficacy of such treatment. Clinical application of each therapy excluding no, or partial response and recurrence data is required to conclude the study. Most women with Paget disease of the breast also have one or more tumors inside the same breast. These breast tumors are either ductal carcinoma in situ or invasive breast cancer. The status of these women was not reported. The higher the inflammation (pain) of the treatments, the higher the success rate is expected. In this case, the needle-free injection patients had the highest efficacy, the post-treatment inflammation was expected to be higher. The study did not report such a response. The current study has involved a significant number of patients. Academically, the study design is interesting comparing 3 different delivery methods for 5-Aminolevuliniv acid transdermally but clinically, there will be no impact. According to the results of treatment response at 15-days after completion of all cycles, the complete response from each method is 65% (conventional), 66% (plum-blossom needle, and 77% (needle-free), which is hard to take this further for an actionable outcome.