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Existing and Emerging Treatment Technologies for the Degradation and Detoxification of Textile Industry Wastewater for the Environmental Safety
Published in Ram Naresh Bharagava, Sandhya Mishra, Ganesh Dattatraya Saratale, Rijuta Ganesh Saratale, Luiz Fernando Romanholo Ferreira, Bioremediation, 2022
Ajeet Singh, Roop Kishor, Ram Naresh Bharagava, Bal Chandra Yadav
Textile manufacturing is a complex process, which involves many steps such as sizing, desizing, bleaching, mercerizing, dyeing, printing, washing and finishing for the production of textiles (Garg et al., 2020; Kishor et al., 2021a). These steps consume large volumes of freshwater and a wide range of chemicals (Kishor et al., 2018, 2020). For example, about 20% of wastewater is released from the dyeing and finishing stages (Khan and Malik, 2017). Further, around 200 L of potable water is consumed to produce 1 kg textile products. TIWW is characterized by its intensive colour, high pH, temperature, BOD, COD, TDS, TOC, TSS, SS, total nitrogen, phosphate, sulphate, chloride and various toxic metals, as shown in Table 1.1 (Waghmode et al., 2019; Garg et al., 2020; Kishor et al., 2021b). Various researchers have reported the textile wastewater characteristics, as shown in Table 1.1.
Summary
Published in Judith S. Weis, Francesca De Falco, Mariacristina Cocca, Polluting Textiles, 2022
Judith S. Weis, Francesca De Falco, Mariacristina Cocca
Chapter 9 by Ipsmiller and Bartl focuses on the textile processing chain and on which solutions can be applied at the end-of-life stage of textiles to prevent pollution and microfibre release. In general, textile manufacturing, from raw materials to fibres, yarn, and fabric production (including dyeing and finishing), consumes massive quantities of energy and other resources, with significant greenhouse gas emissions. In addition, a huge amount of textile waste is annually produced, waste that can be classified as post-industrial (material generated during textile production) or post-consumer (textiles disposed after use). The chapter discusses the current legislation and application of collection, sorting, re-use, and recycling of textile waste. In particular, the main available recycling technologies are reviewed, including grinder-cutting, polymer, and monomer recycling. An important aspect highlighted is the lack of data and information on the environmental impact of recycling technologies. Moreover, recycling is an approach that deals with the symptoms of the problem, not with the very source of it. Therefore, measures need to be applied to prevent the production of textile waste in the first place.
Decision Support Systems for Textile Manufacturing Process with Machine Learning
Published in Kim Phuc Tran, Machine Learning and Probabilistic Graphical Models for Decision Support Systems, 2023
Zaohao Lu, Zhenglei He, Kim Phuc Tran, Sebastien Thomassey, Xianyi Zeng, Mengna Hong
Textile manufacturing originates from the fibers (e.g., cotton) to final products (such as curtain, garment, and composite) through a very long procedure with a wide range of different processes filled with a large number of variables. There are a few criteria which govern the quality of textile process performance and their significance with an overall objective is different. The simultaneous optimization of multiple targets in a textile production scheme from the high dimensional space is challenging.
Comprehensive review on sustainable fiber reinforced concrete incorporating recycled textile waste
Published in Journal of Sustainable Cement-Based Materials, 2022
Nghia P. Tran, Chamila Gunasekara, David W. Law, Shadi Houshyar, Sujeeva Setunge, Andrzej Cwirzen
Textile manufacturing itself involves numerous intensive cultivation and extractive practices that trigger greater environmental consequences, such as biodiversity loss, soil degradation, and water scarcity [9–11]. During textile manufacturing, textile wastewater – a major pollutant of toxic emission containing hazardous chemicals from multiple processes, is considered a severe global environmental pollution problem owing to its adverse impacts on aquatic plants, animals, and human health [12–14]. The Ellen MacArthur Foundation [15] assessed the resource usage and greenhouse gas emission of global textile-related industries in which a multitude of resources was employed, comprising freshwater resources (93 billion cubic meters), greenhouse gas emission (1200 million tons), dyestuff (1 million tons), and chemicals (42 million tons). These annual global figures have been anticipated to increase by more than 50% by 2030 [16]. Recently, the CO2 emission level in the textile industry has also increased to become the second most polluting sector, contributing to one-tenth of the world’s carbon emission throughout its entire lifecycle from production to disposal [7,17].
Geometrical modeling of 3D woven spacer fabrics as reinforcement for lightweight sandwich composites
Published in The Journal of The Textile Institute, 2019
Ghanshyam Neje, BijoyaKumar Behera
Weaving is one of the most conveniently used textile manufacturing processes to produce three-dimensional preforms for composite reinforcement. Depending upon the end use application, 3D fabrics can be made to have solid or hollow structures. Composites that are required to have thickness, impact and delamination resistance are produced from 3D solid structures, while 3D hollow fabrics are used to produce composites with special properties like bulkiness, lightweight and energy absorbent (Chen, 2015).
Impact of textile raw material access on CAFTA-DR members’ apparel exports to the United States: a quantitative evaluation
Published in The Journal of The Textile Institute, 2023
While textile and apparel are often treated as a single industry, these two are vastly different sectors. In general, textile manufacturing, which includes spinning yarns, weaving or knitting fabrics, and dyeing, is a highly capital and technology-intensive process mainly done by machines in the twenty-first century (Lu, 2015). In comparison, apparel manufacturing, which includes cutting and sewing fabrics or knitting, remains highly labor-intensive today (Lopez-Acevedo & Robertson, 2016).