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Communication systems and network technologies
Published in Kennis Chan, Future Communication Technology and Engineering, 2015
It is also very important how the VoIP client connects to the access point providing internet access. Ideally, a cable provides the most reliable bridge between the client and the access point, but it is not always possible to use wires, most notably in the mobile VoIP domain. At best, the mobile device is connected to an access point via 802.11, but in more realistic scenarios a mobile phone obtains internet access via 3G/ pre −4G networks. Older generation networks like HDSPA/HUSPA, were proven to be unsuitable for VoIP (Arjona, 2009), but with the advent of LTE, the scenario is different. An approach consists in using the traditional VoIP technologies on top of LTE networks, with the same issues and constraints, but there is a new technology named Voice over LTE (VoLTE) which defines a real-time protocol built from scratch, tailored for mobile pre-4G networks.
Network Architecture, Mobility Management, and Deployment
Published in Saad Z. Asif, 5G Mobile Communications Concepts and Technologies, 2018
VoLTE, under the umbrella of SRVCC, was standardized in 3GPP Rel-8 to improve voice coverage by handing over the voice session from LTE to 2G/3G circuit-switched domain. The CS domain can be part of UTRAN/GERAN or 3GPP2 1xCS (CDMA2000 1X). In Rel-9, to support e911 service over VoLTE, features like emergency services, location services, and emergency warning broadcast services were introduced.
The Mobile Technologies in the ‘Informative’ Society
Published in Kris MY Law, Andrew WH Ip, Brij B Gupta, Shuang Geng, Managing IoT and Mobile Technologies with Innovation, Trust, and Sustainable Computing, 2021
Miaojia Huang, Kris MY Law, Chenyu Xu
Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) is similar to Voice over LTE (VoLTE), which is used in WeChat video calls. VoLTE rides on the back of the 4G network, bringing smooth voice calls and high-definition video to 4G phones. In addition, VoLTE allows you to make a call and text at the same time, where previously you aren’t able to.
Security challenges in the transition to 4G mobile systems in developing countries
Published in Cogent Engineering, 2023
Fanuel Melak Asmare, Lijaddis Getnet Ayalew
There are thousands of known attacks against VOIP protocols, ranging from capturing administrative privileges to denial-of-service attacks. The impact on consumer and business voice services and emergency services that support police, fire, and medical resources can be highly disruptive and dangerous, resulting in regulatory issues. Because VOLTE traffic is contained mainly within the wireless APN, carriers require specialized monitoring equipment to detect attacks as they move from the 4 G infrastructure to the VOLTE service infrastructure (Li et al., 2015; Macaulay, 2013).