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Nanobiosensors for Monitoring Soil and Water Health
Published in Sunil K. Deshmukh, Mandira Kochar, Pawan Kaur, Pushplata Prasad Singh, Nanotechnology in Agriculture and Environmental Science, 2023
Archeka, Nidhi Chauhan, Neelam, Kusuml, Vinita Hoodal
The world population is increasing massively; currently it is about 7.6 billion and is estimated to reach about 8.6 billion in 2030 and about 9.8 billion in 2050 (Tamburino et al., 2020). For the ever-increasing population of the world, a demand for food is continuously increasing and to fulfill food demands farmers apply excessive fertilizers and pesticides into the field. Excessive and repetitive use of these agrochemicals is a matter of grave environmental concern as they adversely affect soil and aquatic ecosystems as well as human and animal health. In the wake of this situation, alternative promising approaches, such as precision farming, are becoming massively popular (Vecchio et al., 2020). Precision farming determines whether crops are growing at maximum efficiency, by identifying the nature and location of problems or any nutritional deficiency and applying targeted action with the goal to maximize output (i.e., crop yielding) and minimize input (i.e., fertilizers, pesticides, herbicides). It also helps in reducing agricultural waste and minimizes environmental pollution. At the heart of precision farming are sensing devices that measure soil conditions and determine the environmental variables (Kim et al., 2019; Griesche and Baeumner, 2020).
Microbial Intervention for Degradation of Agricultural Wastes
Published in Rouf Ahmad Bhat, Moonisa Aslam Dervash, Khalid Rehman Hakeem, Khalid Zaffar Masoodi, Environmental Biotechnology, 2022
Tawseef Ahmad Mir, Muatasim Jan, Mir Sajad Rabani
Most of the Indian farmers are practicing residue burning of rice straw residues in farm fields after being harvested to clear the field in rice–wheat cropping system for timely sowing of the next crop in the same year. The reason behind this is low nutritive value and more cost of labor to clear the field for the following crop. However, crop-residue burning causes air pollution by releasing harmful gases like CO2, CH4, N2O, H2S, O3, and smog. These gases mostly affect public life and disturb soil’s physical, biological, and chemical properties by destroying beneficial soil microorganism. The employment of effective agricultural waste management can mitigate the air pollution and also provide better inputs to crop (Patel et al., 2020).
Milling time influence of ultrafine treated rice husk ash to pozzolanic reactivity in portlandite
Published in Noor Amila Wan Abdullah Zawawi, Engineering Challenges for Sustainable Future, 2016
Muhd Fadhil Nuruddin, Siti Asmahani Saad, Nasir Shafiq, Maisarah Ali
Rice is considered one of the most consumed cereal in the world. According to United Nation Food Agriculture Organization (FAO), world paddy milled in 2014–2015 is reaching 500 million tonnes (Food Agriculture Organization (FAO) 2015). Average annual consumption of rice in Asian country alone is around 100 kilogram per capita (Ramziath T. Adjao & Staaz 2011). Hence, the potential of producing ash from husk is about 100 million tons per annum. However, rice husk as the by-product of rice milling process that contributes approximately 20% out of the total rice production worldwide is underutilized. Emerging research and technology unleash the potential of this agricultural waste by specific treatment process. In concrete technology application, silica-rich and amorphous are among the most ubiquitous attribute of pozzolanic activity of rice husk ash (RHA).
Mechanical performance of cement mortar with olive pomace aggregates and olive mill wastewater: an experimental investigation
Published in Cogent Engineering, 2023
M. EL Boukhari, O. Merroun, C. Maalouf, F. Bogard, B. Kissi
Today, the construction industry contributes, more than any other time in the history of building sector, to a large depletion of natural aggregates used in mortar and concert mixtures such as sand, gravel, etc. These aggregates are subject to an intensive use which would certainly lead to their scarcity and price fluctuation. In this context, in order to contribute preserving natural resources, the use of agricultural waste materials as a partial substitution of sand can have a positive impact both on the environment (Prusty & Patro, 2015) and on the growth of the building sector. In fact, the rapid growth of agricultural waste has become a serious environmental issue. Hence, a correct waste management of these untreated wastes can reduce its impact on the environment (Usman et al., 2018). Facing this problem, researchers worldwide have recently focused on developing alternative materials from different agriculture by-products and having suitable mechanical and thermal properties needed for sustainable buildings. They have demonstrated the possibility of using corn straw/Stover, sugarcane bagasse, wheat and rice straw, sorghum straw/stalks, miscanthus, etc. as a raw material in the field of civil engineering, and especially as a partial substitute for cement or sand (Brasileiro et al., 2013; Liuzzi et al., 2017; Nait M’Barek et al., 2020; Prusty et al., 2016).
Effects of drying temperature on the drying characteristics and volatile profiles of Citrus reticulata Blanco peels under two stages of maturity
Published in Drying Technology, 2022
Jun Wang, Hui Wang, Hong-Wei Xiao, Xiao-Ming Fang, Wei-Peng Zhang, Chang-Lu Ma
Agricultural waste has become a worldwide problem regarding resource and environmental pollution. The Citrus genus, belonging to the Rutaceae family, is one of the most popular and economically relevant fruit crops throughout the world. Approximately 70 Mt of oranges are produced annually worldwide, and their peels account for about 25% of the total weight; therefore, they are one of the major contributors to agricultural waste.[1] Each year, millions of tons of by-products, mainly peels, are generated after the industrial processing of citrus fruits. Most of the by-products are piled up or thrown out, consequently causing environmental pollution and a waste of resources.[2] However, citrus peels are rich in carotenes, pectin, and a range of polyphenolic compounds.[3,4] They are also a potential feedstock of bioethanol and essential oil production because of the rich content of carbohydrates and limonene.[5,6] Furthermore, in China, citrus peels are often consumed as a traditional Chinese medicine after drying, namely “chen pi”. Dried citrus peels have been found to have many health-promoting effects and are often used to treat indigestion, asthma, and bronchitis diseases.[7]
Energy, economic, and environmental impacts of sustainable biochar systems in rural China
Published in Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology, 2022
Siming You, Wangliang Li, Weihua Zhang, Hankwon Lim, Harn Wei Kua, Young-Kwon Park, Avanthi Deshani Igalavithana, Yong Sik Ok
As one of the biggest biological sectors, the agriculture sector accounts for the highest biomass production and 21% of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions (Duque-Acevedo et al., 2020). Sustainable management of agricultural waste such as animal waste, plant waste, processing residue and rural household waste is receiving increasing attention due to its significant social, environmental, and economic implications. Improper management of agricultural waste such as landfill and open fire burning has led a variety of environmental problems such as air quality degradation and significant GHG emissions in addition to the potential loss of renewable sources (He et al., 2019).