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Green Six Sigma and Green Supply Chain
Published in Ron Basu, The Green Six Sigma Handbook, 2023
A carbon management action plan should follow the following hierarchy as proposed by Watt (2012): AvoidReduceReplaceOffset Here are some tips to follow a carbon management action plan. Avoid carbon-intensive materials (e.g. steel and cement) and activities (e.g. air travel). Reduce waste and do whatever you do more efficiently (e.g. apply Green Six Sigma tools). Replace high-carbon energy sources with low-carbon energy ones (e.g. substitute plastics packaging). Offset those emissions that cannot be eliminated by these actions. Unfortunately, the process of offsetting is rather less straightforward. A carbon offset is the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions to compensate the emissions made elsewhere. Businesses can buy carbon credits generated by projects that are cleaning up our atmosphere.
Importance of Hydrological and Meteorological Measurements and Observations in the Implementation of the Paris Agreement and the Katowice Climate Package
Published in Saeid Eslamian, Faezeh Eslamian, Flood Handbook, 2022
The main objective of the Paris Agreement is to strengthen the global response to the threat of climate change by maintaining global temperature rise in this century at much less than 2° C above pre-industrial levels and continuing the efforts to limit the temperature rise even to 1.5° C. In addition, the agreement aims to increase the capacity of countries to cope with the impact of climate change and to ensure that financial flows are consistent with low greenhouse gas emissions and resilience to climate change. To achieve these goals, appropriate mobilization and funding, a new technological framework, and strengthened capacity building should be established, thus supporting the activities of developing and most vulnerable countries, in accordance with their own national goals. The agreement also provides for an improved transparency framework for the actions taken and provided support.
Conclusions
Published in Dalia Štreimikienė, Asta Mikalauskienė, Climate Change and Sustainable Development, 2021
Dalia Štreimikienė, Asta Mikalauskienė
The main greenhouse gas emission sources are the combustion of fossil fuels in electricity generation, transport, industry and domestic sectors, changes in agriculture and land use, landfilling, and the use of industrial fluorinated gases.
Long-term energy-environment-economic programming under carbon neutrality target: a study on China’s regional energy transition pathways and CO2 mitigation strategies
Published in Energy Sources, Part B: Economics, Planning, and Policy, 2023
Menglin Liu, Jiangtao Wu, Zhikai Lang, Xianyang Meng
Global climate change becomes increasingly severe over the past century, which is a profound challenge to world development and human survival. Climate change not only reflects the issues of the climate system itself but also affects the political, economic, and energy spheres (Hickmann et al. 2019). In response to the global warming caused by greenhouse gas emissions (GHG), the Paris Agreement was signed by 178 countries in 2015 proposing that “the global temperature increase will be controlled within 2°C, pursuing to limit 1.5°C” (UNFCCC 2015). Under such a commitment, the global CO2 is required to hit zero emission around 2050 by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), which is also known as “reaching carbon neutrality” (Oghenekaro and Kant 2022). Since 90% of carbon emissions originate from fuel combustion as well as industrial processes (IEA 2021), it can be concluded that the energy sector is crucial in the process of achieving carbon neutrality. Nevertheless, carbon neutrality will inevitably have an impact on economic development as stimulating economic growth leads to rapidly increasing energy demand (Semieniuk et al. 2021). As the largest carbon emitter and energy consumer in the world (BP 2021), China has been under tremendous international and domestic pressures to control its carbon emissions (Cai et al. 2023). In September 2020, the carbon peaking- carbon neutrality targets were presented by the Chinese government. Therefore, it is of great significance for China to achieve carbon neutrality without severely impeding economic growth in the future.
Super-SBM DEA and DTW-based analysis of the energy-environmental efficiency in emerging economies
Published in Energy Sources, Part B: Economics, Planning, and Policy, 2022
Ghassen El Montasser, Ousama Ben-Salha
In the aftermath of World War II, the world economy experienced a period of rapid economic expansion (Marglin and Schor 1991). The U.S. real gross domestic product per capita nearly doubled between 1948 and 1973, whereas Japan experienced an average annual growth rate of about 10% (Ito and Weinstein 1996). Some emerging countries, such as South Korea, Brazil, and Singapore, witnessed rapid growth rates in the mid-1970s. The Chinese experience has also been spectacular over the past five decades, with a double-digit annual growth rate. At the same time, most environmental indicators have continuously deteriorated. Climate change and global warming are becoming increasingly visible and widely acknowledged as the most severe environmental problems humanity faces. Indeed, the ten warmest years on record have occurred during the past two decades (Climate Central 2020). Increasing greenhouse gas emissions are widely regarded as the principal factor responsible for climate change and global warming (Al‐ghussain 2019; Montzka, Dlugokencky, and Butler 2011; Rosa and Ribeiro 2001). Regarding this issue, the annual growth rate of atmospheric CO2 concentration was about 0.15% between 1880 and 1980, while it reached 0.5% between 1980 and 2014 (El-Montasser and Ben-Salha 2019). Furthermore, the global average atmospheric CO2 concentration reached a new historical record of 412.5 parts per million in 2020 (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 2021).
Editorial
Published in Intelligent Buildings International, 2018
The recent heatwave causes more speculation about climate change. There always has been some climate change due to natural causes like sunspot cycles and volcanic eruptions, but since the industrial revolution, the way we live has changed too. We live more in cities with industrial production in many sectors to meet the needs of an increasing world population. Where are we now? The Paris Agreement in 2015 is defined on Wikipedia (8 August 2018) as: The Paris Agreement is an agreement within the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), dealing with greenhouse-gas-emissions mitigation, adaptation, and finance, starting in the year 2020. The agreement's language was negotiated by representatives of 196 state parties at the 21st Conference of the Parties (hence COP 21) of the UNFCCC in Le Bourget, near Paris and adopted by consensus on 12 December 2015. As of July 2018, 195 UNFCCC members have signed the agreement, and 179 have become party to it.The Paris Agreement's long-term goal is to keep the increase in global average temperature to well below 2 °C above pre-industrial levels; and to limit the increase to 1.5 °C, since this would substantially reduce the risks and effects of climate change.