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Bioaugmentation in the Bioremediation of Petroleum Products
Published in Inamuddin, Charles Oluwaseun Adetunji, Mohd Imran Ahamed, Tariq Altalhi, Bioaugmentation Techniques and Applications in Remediation, 2022
Greeshma Odukkathil, Namasivayam Vasudevan
The petroleum industry discharges a large quantity of pollutants into the environment. Petroleum products containing wastewater generated from refineries have a different range of hydrocarbon compounds which are toxic (Pajoumshariati et al. 2017). At the global level, around 3.35 × 107–5.06 × 107 t/d wastewater was produced (Saber et al. 2017). This wastewater contains hydrocarbons, heavy metals, phenols, and other toxic chemicals (Thakur et al. 2018; Varjani and Sudha 2018). Different technologies are adopted for treating wastewater from the petroleum industry. They are adsorption, coagulation, anaerobic treatment, reverse osmosis, ultrafiltration, chemical destabilization, flocculation, dissolved air flotation, membrane process, etc. Among these, biological treatment is generally carried out by bioaugmenting microbes capable of degrading petroleum hydrocarbons. Biological treatment is widely adopted in the oil industry for treating wastewater. Generally implemented biological treatment is suspended and attached growth biological treatment (Chavan and Mukherji 2008; Srikanth et al. 2018). Aerated lagoon, membrane bioreactor technology, sequencing batch reactor (SBR), and activated sludge treatment are some of the suspended growth biological treatment processes. In the biological treatment of petroleum wastewater nitrogen and phosphorus concentration in the treatment system is reported as a very important parameter for treating oily wastewater (Chavan and Mukherji 2008).
Petroleumscape as Heritage Landscape
Published in Carola Hein, Oil Spaces, 2021
Carola Hein, Christine Stroobandt, Stephan Hauser
Transition strategies were key to several projects. For more than 150 years, the petroleum industry has polluted water, soil, and air around its installations. Toxic material has seeped deeply into the ground. Clean-up, when not ignored, is often left partly or totally to local public partners. New approaches, technologies, and practices can help make clean-up a process that generates money, promotes innovation, and responds to collective needs. Ege Cakir proposed large autonomous “animals” that will roam the site of the Total refinery to clean up the soil and turn the remediated landscape into a recreational park. Select oil structures—refinery elements and storage tanks—remain as sculptures, a reminder of the industrial petroleumscape in its heyday and its negative impact on the environment and health.
The Petrochemical Industry
Published in James G. Speight, Handbook of Petrochemical Processes, 2019
The petrochemical industry is concerned with the production and trade of petrochemicals and has a direct relationship with the petroleum industry, especially the downstream sector of the industry. The petrochemical industries are specialized in the production of petrochemicals that have various industrial applications. The petrochemical industry can be considered to be a subsector of the crude oil industry since without the petroleum industry the petrochemical industry cannot exist. Thus, petroleum is the major prerequisite raw material for the production of petrochemicals either in qualities or quantities. In addition, the petrochemical industry is subject to the geopolitics of the petroleum industry, with each industry being reliant upon the other for sustained survival.
Exploring options for carbon abatement in the petroleum sector: a supply chain optimization-based approach
Published in International Journal of Systems Science: Operations & Logistics, 2023
Otman Abdussalam, Nuri Fello, Amin Chaabane
The petroleum industry is a significant part of the world economy, specifically in the energy sector. Also, this industry plays a substantial role in supplying transportation needs and providing the customers’ petroleum products requirements. Nevertheless, the industry's activities (extraction, refining, production, storage, transportation, and distribution) have caused environmental problems and draws attention toward more sustainable petroleum supply chain management in many countries (Dudley, 2018). The management of sustainability in the petroleum industry's complexity has grown significantly due to the high competition in a globalized market, the introduction of environmental regulations, and fluctuating demand and prices (Baumeister & Kilian, 2016; Hussain et al., 2006). Due to tremendous pressure, organizations must optimize their economic, environmental, and social performances when managing their supply chain to respect global regulation and prepare the transition towards sustainable petroleum supply chains (Abdussalam et al., 2021; Florescu et al., 2019). This pressure comes from different regulations and laws worldwide that push the petroleum sector and its activities to green the supply chain, requiring long-term planning (Mani et al., 2015; Lakhal et al., 2007; Tseng et al., 2013).
Study the characteristics of porcellanite rocks and applied as a sorbent for removing crude oil
Published in Applied Earth Science, 2023
Mayssaa Ali AL-Bidry, Jenan Al-Najar, Asawer Al-Wassity
The petroleum industry is one of the main sources of environmental pollution. During the transport, extraction, and storage of crude oil and refined petroleum product may be released into the environment, causing toxicity and hazardous especially marine life due to forming of floating oil film on water (Al-Majed et al. 2012; Ibrahim et al. 2013; Paulauskie et al. 2014; Zhang et al. 2014). This release of crude oil and refined petroleum into the environment is defined as an oil spill (Othumpangat and Castranova 2014). Several mechanical, chemical, biological, and sorption methods are used to clean water from oil spills (Abdelwahab et al. 2017; Crini and Lichtfouse 2019). The sorption method by solid sorbent is a preference over other technologies because of simple design, high capacity to sorb oil, and repel water. Moreover, sorption is one of the cheapest methods to remove oil spills from water; especially crude oil pollution. It has always had the highest economic and environmental impact due to the difficulty of removing spilled oil. Hence, sorption is effective methods for cleaning oil spills from water (Al-Majed et al. 2012; Behnood et al. 2013; Al-Jammal and Juzsakova 2016).