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Multilayer Perceptron Mode and IoT to Assess the Economic Impact and Human Health in Rural Areas – Alcoholism
Published in Ankan Bhattacharya, Bappadittya Roy, Samarendra Nath Sur, Saurav Mallik, Subhasis Dasgupta, Internet of Things and Data Mining for Modern Engineering and Healthcare Applications, 2023
Ann Roseela Jayaprakash, T. Nalini, L.R. Sassykova, N. Kanimozhi, S. Geetha, K. Bhaskar, K. Gomathi, S. Sendilvelan
Humans mostly have used alcohol as an intoxicating chemical substance from time immemorial. Originally, alcohol was not a liquid, but a powder [2]. In Arabian literature, a powder is named as ‘al-kuhul', which means ‘the kohl' for the eyes or ‘finely-divided spirit' [7,23]. Alcohol has its own distinct properties with many different chemical compounds. Methanol and Isopropanol are the varieties of alcohol used in chemical laboratories and industries. [3,28]. For cleaning the household equipment, this isopropanol is generally used in industries [27,39]. It is commonly known as ‘rubbing alcohol' [22,34]. Cleaning solvents and paint removers also contain alcohol [8,20]. In photocopiers, developer and anti-freeze solutions also have a considerable amount of alcohol. In the manufacturing of alcohol, the ethanol is extracted and the formaldehyde obtained as the end product is poisonous [37,47]. Consuming even small amounts of methanol, which is another type of alcohol, leads to blindness and death [32,33]. Ethanol is a type of alcohol [19]. Alcohol, unless otherwise specified, refers to ethanol or ethyl alcohol.
Exploring the Hidden Ethnobotanical Treasures for Treating or Managing Chronic Alcoholism
Published in Debarshi Kar Mahapatra, Cristóbal Noé Aguilar, A. K. Haghi, Natural Products Pharmacology and Phytochemicals for Health Care, 2021
Sameer A. Hedaoo, Debarshi Kar Mahapatra
Alcoholism is a disease for which counseling and rehabilitation for alcohol addiction or alcohol abuse is recommended. If you ignore the problem, it will become destructive physically, emotionally, mentally, and socially, tearing apart your relationships as it controls your mind and body [1]. Alcohol addiction is simply defined as a compulsive need for an intoxicating liquid that is obtained from fermented grain or fruits. These liquids include beer, wine, and other hard liquors. Alcohol is an addictive drug. The more alcohol we drink (and abuse) the more our body comes to depend on it -thus, the nature of addiction [2].
Ethanol Production and Alcoholic Beverages
Published in Debabrata Das, Soumya Pandit, Industrial Biotechnology, 2021
Ethanol fermentation is known as alcoholic fermentation which converts sugars such as glucose, fructose, and sucrose into ethanol and carbon dioxide as the main products. Because yeasts perform this conversion in the absence of oxygen, alcoholic fermentation is considered an anaerobic process. The alcohol can be classified as taxable and non-taxable alcohol. Taxable alcohol is used in its pure form, mainly for human consumption as different alcoholic beverages. In addition, it is used in the pharmaceutical industry, the perfume industry etc. Non-taxable alcohol is utilized as chemical feedstock e.g. acetic acid, the polythene industry, the rubber industry etc. These are unfit for human consumption (due to addition of certain chemicals). This type of denatured ethanol contains additives to make it poisonous, foul smelling or nauseating.
Bioethanol processing from wheat straw: investment appraisal of a full-scale UK biofuel refinery
Published in Biofuels, 2023
Geoffrey P. Hammond, Niall McCann
Fermentation is the process of producing alcohol from sugars. In the case of bioenergy, fermentation is primarily used to produce bioethanol from sugar and starch feedstocks, such as maize, wheat, sugarcane and sugar beet. Due to the low sugar content in cellulosic crops, such as perennial grasses or straw [9, 28–30], bioethanol is more difficult to produce via fermentation. The sugar content of wheat straw is only about 1.4% by dry weight. Nevertheless, progress in that direction has recently been made [1, 31–33]. In order to produce bioethanol from cellulosic crops, the cellulose must first be broken down into sugar through hydrolysis [34]. It is then possible to ferment these sugars in order to produce bioethanol. It has been suggested that hydrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass could lead to low cost and efficient production of bioethanol that may consequently become competitive with fossil fuels within the next decade or so [35]. Extensive research on lignocellulosic bioethanol production has been conducted over recent years. This is reflected in a series of substantial published reviews, e.g. Chantell et al. [34]; Mabee et al. [36]; Mood et al. [28]; Gupta and Verma [37]; Khoo [29]; Kumar et al. [30]; Albashabsheh and Stamm [38].
Alcoholic EEG Signal Classification Using Multi-Heuristic Classifiers with Stochastic Gradient Descent Technique for Tuning the Hyperparameters
Published in IETE Journal of Research, 2023
Harikumar Rajaguru, A. Vigneshkumar, M. Gowri Shankar
The brain is a highly sophisticated mechanism in the human body, with billions of neurons that help regulate electrical charges. Neuropsychiatric illnesses, second only to cardiovascular diseases, afflict a large number of people. Because of neuropsychiatric conditions, there are many irregularities in the connection pattern of the brain’s areas [1]. EEG data is being used to examine a variety of pathological and healthy brain activities. The brain’s functions alter from normal to stimulate when a person consumes alcohol, as the neurons synchronize irregularly. As a result, categorizing and recognizing alcoholic subject from EEG data is a complex task [2]. Humans are likely to make mistakes that are why automated detection systems came into existence [3]. The electrical activities of neurons are shown in epileptic EEG signals, including various pathological and physiological information [4]. The EEG is a characteristic signal that offers crucial information about the brain’s electrical activity [5]. As this problematic of epilepsy classification using EEG features is personal; there are many different viewpoints among experts. As a result, automated diagnostics tools effectively identify significant changes in the seizure’s activities and make diagnostic processes easier [6]. Visually detecting minute changes in EEG patterns is difficult even for experienced neurologists. The researchers have been working on automatic seizure detection and categorization for more than two decades [7]. The detection and classification of epileptic seizures is a time-consuming task in epilepsy diagnosis.
An examination of how alcohol enforcement strategies by sheriff and police agencies are associated with alcohol-impaired-driving fatal traffic crashes
Published in Traffic Injury Prevention, 2021
Kathleen M. Lenk, Darin J. Erickson, Spruha Joshi, Collin Calvert, Toben F. Nelson, Traci L. Toomey
In addition to focusing on alcohol-impaired driving behavior directly, strategies that address alcohol-impaired driving behavior by targeting alcohol consumption may also help reduce alcohol-impaired-driving traffic crashes. Binge drinking (5 or more drinks for men/4 or more drinks for women on one occasion) is associated with alcohol-impaired driving (Naimi et al. 2003; 2009; Quinlan et al. 2005). One strategy to reduce binge drinking is to reduce the sales of alcohol to obviously intoxicated customers at on-premise licensed alcohol establishments (e.g., bars, restaurants). This is particularly important given that bars and restaurants are the source of last drink for approximately half of drivers stopped for alcohol-impaired driving (Naimi et al. 2009). Serving alcohol to obviously intoxicated customers (i.e., overservice) is illegal in all but two states (Mosher et al. 2009); however, studies have found that the likelihood of serving alcohol to an obviously intoxicated customer is high (Toomey et al. 2016).