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Endocrine system
Published in David A Lisle, Imaging for Students, 2012
A thyroid nodule is defined as a discrete mass lesion in the thyroid gland, distinguishable from thyroid parenchyma on US. Thyroid nodules most commonly are benign colloid nodules. Follicular adenoma is a true benign neoplasm of the thyroid gland. Thyroid carcinoma is usually of epithelial origin and is classified into papillary, follicular, medullary and anaplastic. Papillary carcinoma is the most common type (75–80 per cent); it has an excellent prognosis with a 30-year survival rate of 95 per cent.
Serum Levels Evaluation of TMSB10 and Endocan in Breast Cancer Patients and In-Vitro Study of Chrysin Effect on These Markers in MCF-7 cell line
Published in Egyptian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 2023
Nada E. Hammouda, Yara A. Samra, Ziad Emarah, Amal M. El-Gayar
TMSB10 overexpression is typically associated with some cancers, for instance BC, hepatocellular carcinoma, and thyroid carcinoma. Therefore, TMSB10 May be considered a potential prognostic biomarker [27]. According to Santelli et al. study’s findings, high amounts of TMSB10 were discovered in the sera of patients who had been exposed to a variety of carcinogens and tumor cell lines [28]. In this study, serum TMSB10 levels were significantly higher in BC patients than in the control group, and higher in the advanced-stage group compared to the early-stage group, also in the metastatic group compared to the non-metastatic group. These findings corroborated a prior study finding that serum TMSB10 levels were elevated in BC patients and linked favorably with clinical stages, prognosis, and distant site metastases in BC patients [27].
Theranostic approaches in nuclear medicine: current status and future prospects
Published in Expert Review of Medical Devices, 2020
Luca Filippi, Agostino Chiaravalloti, Orazio Schillaci, Roberto Cianni, Oreste Bagni
As previously mentioned, radioactive iodine therapy (RAI) has represented the oldest example of theranostic approach to cancer. Iodine is an essential element for thyroid production of hormones thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). Two iodine radioisotopes are routinely used in nuclear medicine practice. The former is iodine-123 (123I), that has a half-life of 13.22 hours and emits predominant energy of 159 keV and can be applied for obtaining high-quality pre- and post-therapeutic imaging. The latter is the already cited 131I which presents the characteristics of both a beta (β−, approximately 90% of the radiation, mean: 192 keV, mean tissue penetration: 0.4 mm) and gamma (approximately 10% of the radiation, mean: 383 keV) emitter. In 1946, the radionuclide 131I was successfully applied for the treatment of thyroid carcinoma. DTC includes malignancies originating from cells delimiting thyroid follicles with three well-studied histotypes: follicular (FTC), papillary (PTC) and Hurtle cell carcinoma (HTC) [9]. Surgery, especially total thyroidectomy, represents the first choice of treatment: in such a case, the optimal surgical approach takes into account several factors such as histology, disease extent, and the presence of lymph node involvement. It is of crucial importance of preserving the neighboring anatomical structures such as nerves and blood vessels [10].
Cetuximab-conjugated perfluorohexane/gold nanoparticles for low intensity focused ultrasound diagnosis ablation of thyroid cancer treatment
Published in Science and Technology of Advanced Materials, 2020
Yue Ma, Xiaoshan Peng, Lingling Wang, Haixia Li, Wen Cheng, Xiulan Zheng, Ying Liu
The Cell Bank of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Shanghai, China) acquired a human anaplastic thyroid carcinoma line (C643). The cells were grown in medium RPMI-1640 containing 10% FBS and 1% penicillin-streptomycin at 37°C in humidified air with 5% CO2. At the Laboratory Animal Center of Department of Ultrasound, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital (Harbin, China), BALB/C Female both mice and nude mice (balancing about 19 g, 25 days) were bought then raised. All animals on our studies were collected from the Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital Laboratory Animal Center and retained in accordance with rules authorized by the Harbin Medical University’s Animal Ethics Committee (Harbin, China). Furthermore, all animal experimental activities were strictly in line with the policy of the Harbin Medical University’s Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC), and this study was endorsed by the IACUC.