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Human Skin Xenografts to Athymic Rodents as a System to Study Toxins Delivered to or Through Skin
Published in Rhoda G. M. Wang, James B. Knaak, Howard I. Maibach, Health Risk Assessment, 2017
Gerald G. Krueger, Lynn K. Pershing
The ability to study human skin disease on a rodent has caused both the academic and the industrial investigator to want to exploit this system for toxicologic, therapeutic, and pathogenic studies. Unfortunately, split-thickness skin graft donation by diseased subjects is associated with significant morbidity, scarring, infection, etc. For this reason, it is difficult to predictably obtain sufficient quantities of diseased skin to do more than pivotal experiments. With the advent of systems described above it may be possible to generate diseased skin. This presumes that diseased fibroblasts and/or diseased keratinocytes in combination with and/or on an artificial dermal matrix would evolve into a skin that would have sufficient markers of disease so as to allow further insights into toxic, therapeutic, as well as pathogeneic, aspects of disease.32
Skin-textiles friction: importance and prospects in skin comfort and in healthcare in prevention of skin injuries
Published in The Journal of The Textile Institute, 2021
Ruksana Baby, Kavita Mathur, Emiel DenHartog
Alike decubitus ulcers patients, patients with burn injury undergoing skin grafting face similar risks due to friction and shear caused by healthcare textiles. Skin grafting involves the transplantation of skin and is required to ensure healing deep burns (Whale et al., 2018). Attachment of skin grafts to the wound often can take more than 21days to heal. Rubbing or stretching the skin can cause friction and shear between dressing and bed sheets and therefore graft loss in consequence. Such failure triggers further surgery taking skin from another part of the body, development of decubitus ulcers, distress to the patients with increased scars, longer hospital stays, and higher treatment costs for the National Health Service (NHS) (Whale et al., 2018; Andersson et al., 2010; Department of Health, 2012). A low-friction bedding was reported in a feasibility study as a promising alternative to standard cotton sheets for patients with burns and those at risk of pressure sores that offered comfort to patients with reduced pain and itching although both the patients and the staff agreed on the slipperiness, difficulties in use and increased workload (Whale et al., 2018).
Negative pressure wound therapy: device design, indications, and the evidence supporting its use
Published in Expert Review of Medical Devices, 2021
Stephen J. Poteet, Steven A. Schulz, Stephen P. Povoski, Albert H. Chao
In reconstructive surgery, skin grafts are commonly used to reconstruct defects. Skin grafts entail harvest of split- or full-thickness skin from a donor site, and subsequent transfer to a defect. The skin graft then heals through a process of revascularization. Prior to revascularization, which typically involves a period of approximately 5 days, a number of factors can interfere with revascularization which can ultimately cause the skin graft to be lost. The formation of any barrier between the skin graft and the recipient wound, such as a hematoma or seroma, can physically obstruct take of the skin graft by the wound. Another factor that can contribute to skin graft failure is shearing and movement of the skin graft relative to the recipient wound. When used as a skin graft dressing, NPWT can serve to mitigate or prevent these processes, whereby continuous suction collects drainage from beneath the skin graft and the dressing itself physically bolsters the skin graft.