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Mediastinal masses
Published in Mark Davenport, James D. Geiger, Nigel J. Hall, Steven S. Rothenberg, Operative Pediatric Surgery, 2020
Brent R. Weil, Robert C. Shamberger
Most children can be extubated following surgery unless the procedure has been particularly long or required significant volume replacement. In infants and children, a humidified oxygen tent will often be better tolerated than a face mask. In very small infants, a short period of postoperative ventilation will allow equilibration and progressive withdrawal of respiratory support. If a child is to remain intubated, an “air leak” must exist around the endotracheal tube; this confirms that the uncuffed tube is not producing undue pressure on the tracheal or subglottic mucosa with a risk of developing a postoperative stricture.
Inhaled Anaesthetics
Published in Sarah Armstrong, Barry Clifton, Lionel Davis, Primary FRCA in a Box, 2019
Sarah Armstrong, Barry Clifton, Lionel Davis
Fixed performance devices that deliver constant fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) despite change in inspiratory flow rate Examples include oxygen tent, anaesthetic breathing systems and high airflow oxygen entrainment (HAFOE) devices
Chain Reactions
Published in Alan Perkins, Life and Death Rays, 2021
All eight men were taken to the Los Alamos medical unit for a full health assessment. As would be expected, Slotin, who was working directly over the core, received the highest radiation dose and his was far higher than the dose Harry Daghlian took at the time of his accident. The high neutron dose that his body absorbed had actually reduced the radiation exposure to the people standing behind him. By the time Slotin had arrived at the medical unit he had already vomited. He underwent a medical examination by the doctors and then suffered several more bouts of sickness over the following hours. By the next morning he had stopped vomiting and his general health seemed to have improved, apart from his left hand which had been in contact with core which became increasingly painful. Over the next few days his hand developed large blisters with a waxy blue appearance. To help reduce the pain and swelling the doctors packed his hand in ice. His right hand, which had been holding the screwdriver, received less radiation and was not so severely affected. Slotin knew he was dying and made a call to his parents. The army flew them from Winnipeg, and they arrived in New Mexico 4 days after the accident. By the fifth day, Slotin’s white blood cell count dropped, dramatically reducing his resistance to infection. His condition then declined rapidly. He was suffering abdominal pain and nausea, his heart rate and temperature fluctuated and by the seventh day he was in a state of confusion. His heart began to fail and his lips turned blue, so his doctors moved him into an oxygen tent. He lapsed into a coma and died 9 days after the accident, at the age of 35. The cause was recorded as acute radiation syndrome. His body was shipped to Winnipeg for burial in a sealed Army casket. It has been estimated that Louis Slotin received an effective radiation dose of 21 Sv. More detailed figures of the estimated radiation doses received by each of the participants in the experiment are given in Table 6.1.
Prehospital Noninvasive Ventilation: An NAEMSP Position Statement and Resource Document
Published in Prehospital Emergency Care, 2022
Andrew M. McCoy, Dylan Morris, Kaori Tanaka, Angela Wright, Francis X. Guyette, Christian Martin-Gill
In aggregate, limited but growing evidence suggests that HFNC or helmet NIV may be safely and effectively employed in the out-of-hospital environment (38,49–51). In pediatrics, evidence also exists that HFNC, nasal CPAP, bubble CPAP, and oxygen tent or hood devices may be used for interfacility transports (42,44,45,52,53). Further EMS-specific research on these technologies is needed.