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Substance use and recovery as part of daily life
Published in Rebecca Twinley, Illuminating the Dark Side of Occupation, 2020
Clement Nhunzvi, Roshan Galvaan
However, with continued and deepening substance use, health and social problems resulted. Two of the young men succumbed to substance-induced psychosis. The dominant biomedical approach and the criminalisation of substance use in Zimbabwe did not do much to help understand the experiential meaning of their engagements, and relapses were to characterise their recovery journeys.
Stimulants and mental health
Published in David B Cooper, Practice in Mental Health—Substance Use, 2018
Richard Orr McLeod, Philip D Cooper
It may be helpful to clarify the differences between substance-induced psychosis and serious and enduring mental illness, as both require different approaches. People using stimulants may experience drug-induced psychosis and will display the usual symptoms of a psychotic episode, but will make a good recovery following reduction of stimulants and the introduction of antipsychotic medication, usually within a few days. The antipsychotic prescription can subsequently be discontinued once symptoms have receded. However, reinstatement of stimulant use may cause a rapid relapse into substance-induced psychosis. In comparison, with serious and enduring mental illness, there is no quick resolution of psychotic symptoms following the abstinence of the substances and the prescription of antipsychotic medication. Both positive and negative symptoms of psychotic illness may also be present and the clinical picture is generally more complex.
Novel and Traditional Club Substances’ Association to Psychopathological and Medical Sequelae
Published in Ornella Corazza, Andres Roman-Urrestarazu, Handbook of Novel Psychoactive Substances, 2018
Giovanni Martinotti, Cristina Merino del Villar, Raffaele Giorgetti, Fabrizio Schifano, Massimo Di Giannantonio
In future studies, the following points shall be necessarily addressed: (1) increase the sample in order to get a higher statistical power; (2) better discriminate the psychopathological effects of specific substances, including NPS, and select a common ground able to help in a differential diagnosis; (3) investigate abnormal self-experience, in order to better select those stages at risk for psychotic onset, evaluate the possibility of developing a full-blown psychosis after a substance-induced psychosis, and understand which factors may predict this transition; (4) prospectively look at the long-term effects; (5) and retrospectively observe which pharmacological treatments show a higher level of effectiveness.
Investigating differences of medications in hospitalized schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder patients: impact of substance use
Published in Journal of Substance Use, 2023
Onur Durmaz, Aslı Büyükçapar, Berçem Arinci, Can Inceman, Neslihan Akkişi Kumsar
Several factors contribute to delays in interventions to psychosis both in terms of prevention for high-risk populations and treatments for clinically psychotic cases. Among these factors, substance use is also a prominent factor associated with development of and poor outcome in psychotic spectrum disorders (Krause et al., 2019). Approximately 40% of schizophrenia patients are estimated to have a comorbid substance use disorder (SUD), including cannabis, alcohol, illicit substances, and stimulants, while SUDs are considered to be the most prevalent lifetime comorbidity in schizophrenia (Hunt et al., 2018; Krause et al., 2019; Tekin Uludag & Gulec, 2016). Several reports show that comorbid SUDs are related to non-adherence to antipsychotic medications, outpatient care, and higher hospitalization rates and emphasize the importance of the recognition and treatment of SUDs in patients with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder (Krause et al., 2019). Furthermore, a prominent proportion of substance-related psychotic episodes could evolve into schizophrenia. In recent studies, 35.7% of individuals with substance-induced psychosis were reported to have a diagnosis of schizophrenia or bipolar disorder in follow up, while comorbid substance use has also been implicated as a predictive factor of treatment resistance in the course of psychosis (Krause et al., 2019; McHugh et al., 2017; Schultze-Lutter et al., 2018). Substance use has also been associated with suicide, violent behavior, and compulsory treatment needs in schizophrenia (Hunt et al., 2018; Kessler & Lev-Ran, 2019).
Co-Occurring Mental Illness and Substance Use Disorders in Canadian Forensic Inpatients: Underdiagnosis and Implications for Treatment Planning
Published in International Journal of Forensic Mental Health, 2018
N. Zoe Hilton, Shari A. McKee, Elke Ham, Michelle Green, Lauren Wright
In the whole sample of 638 patients, the most common current diagnoses were schizophrenia (277, 43%) or other psychosis (135, 21%), followed by SUD (155, 24%), personality disorder (99, 16%), mood disorder (85, 13%), or other diagnoses (93, 15%) which primarily included developmental disorders with some (n < 10) anxiety disorders and paraphilias. Three patients had a current diagnosis of drug-induced or substance-induced psychosis, which we categorized under “other psychosis;” no other diagnoses were specified as substance induced. Eight patients (1%) were deemed to have no psychiatric diagnosis. A total of 491 patients had a current diagnosis of a major mental illness (i.e., psychotic or mood disorders) and the reported results were based on this sub-sample.
Brain regions associated with olfactory dysfunction in first episode psychosis patients
Published in The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry, 2023
Semra Etyemez, Zui Narita, Marina Mihaljevic, Jennifer M. Coughlin, Gerald Nestadt, Frederick C. Jr. Nucifora, Thomas W. Sedlak, Nicola G. Cascella, Finn-Davis Batt, Jun Hua, Andreia Faria, Koko Ishizuka, Vidyulata Kamath, Kun Yang, Akira Sawa
In the present study, we included all the subjects who underwent both olfactory test and MRI scans. There are 88 HCs and 76 FEP patients [SZ (n = 38), schizoaffective disorder (n = 10), bipolar disorder with psychotic features (n = 18), major depressive disorder with psychotic features (n = 6), psychotic disorder: not otherwise specified (NOS) (n = 2), schizophreniform disorder (n = 2)]. Patients with substance-induced psychosis were excluded from the present study.