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Grief
Published in Lisa Zammit, Georgeanne Schopp, Relational Care, 2022
Lisa Zammit, Georgeanne Schopp
The loss of Patient’s mental function is multifactorial. Physiological causes range from direct brain trauma to decreased oxygenation or electrolyte imbalances. Medications, not just anti-psychotics or opioids, can alter mental status. Isolation and sleep deprivation may contribute to psychosis. Addition or elimination of drugs, changes to routines, and social interactions cause disorientation. The Patient may be unable to understand the progress of his/her disease or the rationale for treatment.
Barbiturates, Alcohol, And Tranquilizers
Published in S.J. Mulé, Henry Brill, Chemical and Biological Aspects of Drug Dependence, 2019
Korsakoff’s syndrome is a complex of symptoms which occurs with a much higher incidence in alcoholics than in the general population.16 The main clinical symptoms of this neuropathy consist of amnesia, confabulation, disorientation, and peripheral neuritis. The state appears to be due to chronic thiamine deficiency in the alcoholic, but is not readily amenable to dietary thiamine supplements. Amnesia is the most characteristic symptom in Korsakoff’s syndrome, involving registration, retention, and recall. Amnesia may be slight or profound and is principally related to events occurring after the onset of the syndrome. Confabulation (the relation of imaginary experiences to fill in gaps in memory) is most prominent in the early stages of the illness. Disorientation is usually related to time, but may also involve place and person.
Life Care Planning for the Visually Impaired*
Published in Roger O. Weed, Debra E. Berens, Life Care Planning and Case Management Handbook, 2018
Roger O. Weed, Rasheeda Wilkins
Deutsch and Sawyer (2003) described a variety of sensory distortions that can occur early on, including a loss of position sense such as a sensation of floating. This disorientation is often exacerbated by the psychological problems that accompany visual impairments. In addition, an individual who has a sudden onset of total visual impairment may have more acute or severe psychological reactions than an individual who has had a slow onset of blindness and has had time to adjust along the way. Varying degrees of independence will be lost, with some individuals experiencing a high degree of dependence on others. This cannot be viewed as a lack of motivation on an individual's part. It should be recognized, as previously stated, that there are multiple factors involved that dictate the ultimate functional outcome from visual impairment. Most will experience a great deal of social isolation, frequently having difficulty in establishing relationships. Some individuals have a substantial difficulty in communicating with sighted people after the onset of their visual impairments. If the visual impairment occurs at a very young age, certain concepts such as visual spatial arrangements can be extremely difficult to grasp.
The patients’ and caregivers’ perspective: In-hospital navigation aids for people with dementia- a qualitative study with a value sensitive design approach
Published in Assistive Technology, 2023
Antonia Kowe, Stefanie Köhler, Doreen Görß, Stefan Teipel
Orientation and wayfinding in hospitals are challenging, even for patients without cognitive impairments (Macik et al., 2016; Morag et al., 2016; Pati et al., 2015). Disorientation in care facilities can influence the quality of treatment (Marquardt & Schmieg, 2009) and increase mental strain on patients (Digby et al., 2017). People with dementia (PwD) are often affected by topographical disorientation (Cherrier et al., 2001; Köhler et al., 2021; Marquardt, 2011; Pai & Jacobs, 2004), defined as inability to orient and navigate “in the real environment” (Barrash, 1998, p. 807). With regard to their higher hospitalization rate and longer institutionalized stays compared to people without dementia (Draper et al., 2011; Shepherd et al., 2019), PwD are particularly vulnerable to disorientation in in-patient care settings (Digby et al., 2018; Xidous et al., 2020). A systematic review of the needs of hospitalized PwD stressed the importance of independent navigation and orientation (Røsvik & Rokstad, 2020). In view of the shortage of skilled workers in the health sector (World Health Organization, 2016, p. 10), there is a need for guidance for PwD without having to rely on the support of hospital staff.
Technology-enhanced visual desensitization home exercise program for post-concussive visually induced dizziness: a case series
Published in Physiotherapy Theory and Practice, 2022
Julia E. Hurtado, Lisa Heusel-Gillig, Benjamin B. Risk, Anna Trofimova, Syed A. Abidi, Jason W. Allen, Russell K. Gore
The pathophysiology underlying post-concussive vestibular impairment remains elusive; however, the resultant impairment is thought to involve balance, vestibular, and oculomotor dysfunction, all of which share multisensory integration pathways (Franke et al., 2012; Guskiewicz, 2011). Individuals with vestibular impairment may learn to compensate by increasing dependence on visual or other somatosensory cues (Bronstein, Golding, and Gresty, 2013). While these changes may be beneficial in the acute phase after injury, persistent visual dependency may become maladaptive, leading to subjective dizziness, visual motion sensitivity (VMS), and syndromes such as ‘space and motion discomfort,’ and ‘persistent postural-perceptual dizziness’ (3PD) (Gurley, Hujsak, and Kelly, 2012). These syndromes are characterized by symptoms triggered by active or passive motion and exposure to complex visual environmental motion resulting in visually induced dizziness (Bronstein, Golding, and Gresty, 2013; Moaty et al., 2017; Staab et al., 2017). Symptoms including disorientation, dizziness, imbalance, and headaches may be provoked by stimulating visual and dynamic movement environments. Indeed, emerging concussion assessment measures, such as the vestibular and oculomotor screen, detect VMS in athletes with sports-related concussion (SRC) and predict protracted SRC recovery (Anzalone et al., 2017).
The impact of the COVID-19 restrictions on nursing home residents: An occupational perspective
Published in Journal of Occupational Science, 2022
Grace Richardson, Róisín Cleary, Ruth Usher
Equally, there was a reduction in opportunities for residents to engage socially with staff. Similar to visitors, residents found it difficult to recognise staff members wearing PPE and reported experiencing barriers to communication, such as lip-reading and reading facial cues. This compounded the sense of disorientation and confusion that residents experienced. “No, I wouldn’t actually recognise the girls. I’m calling them all different names” (Joe, resident). Staff also reported limited opportunities to socialise with residents and highlighted feeling torn between their instinctive desire to engage in meaningful social engagement and chat with residents, versus their obligation not to do so because of COVID-19 constraints. “They love the company as well, that’s all they want. If you could sit with one resident for the whole day, you would. But you have to be mindful of everyone else as well” (Clara, staff).