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Applications of Marine Biochemical Pathways to Develop Bioactive and Functional Products
Published in Se-Kwon Kim, Marine Biochemistry, 2023
Toni-Ann Benjamin, Imran Ahmad, Muhammad Bilal Sadiq
Collagen is a common fibrous protein found in all connective tissues (i.e., skin, bones, ligaments, tendons, and cartilage). The most abundant, cost-effective, and eco-friendly source of the bioactive compound is available as marine collagen obtained through marine waste streams (Cheung & Li-Chan, 2016; Suleria et al., 2015). Seafood processing by-products contain a rich content of functional molecules, such as proteins, bioactive peptides, collagen, polyunsaturated fatty acids, chitin, and fat-soluble vitamins (Lucarini et al., 2020). Collagen is characterized by a triple-helix structure made by three crosslinked alpha-amino acid chains, consisting of two homologous α1-chains and one α2-chain (Lionetto & Esposito Corcione, 2021). Gelatin is a protein derived from the partial hydrolysis of native collagen followed by thermal treatment. Further enzymatic hydrolysis can be used to extract collagen peptides from gelatin (Lionetto & Esposito Corcione, 2021).
The science of ageing
Published in Michael Parker, Charlie James, Fundamentals for Cosmetic Practice, 2022
When we relate the replicative senescence theory to cosmesis, one pertinent example is that of collagen. We know that collagen helps maintain the integrity and elasticity of the skin and is produced by skin cells such as fibroblasts. When skin cells become senescent, they lose the ability to produce collagen, and some even begin to produce collagenase which digests collagen. This is an important contributory factor in skin sagging and volume loss frequently reported by older patients.
Pseudo-Proteins and Related Synthetic Amino Acid-Based Polymers Promising for Constructing Artificial Vaccines
Published in Mesut Karahan, Synthetic Peptide Vaccine Models, 2021
Collagen is widely used as various surgical biomaterials – bone grafts, scaffolds in tissue regeneration in forms of sponges, thin sheets, or gels, in reconstructive surgery, and in wound care as the artificial skin substitutes to manage severe burns and wounds, etc. (Muthukumar et al. 2018).
Efficacy of endoscopic porcine small intestinal submucosa graft myringoplasty: a retrospective comparative study
Published in Acta Oto-Laryngologica, 2023
Li Jin, Xueying Pan, Tuanfang Yin, Jihao Ren, Wei Liu
The results of the present study demonstrated the success and safety of PSISG for myringoplasty in the repair of TM perforations. The closure rates were 85.2% (23/27), 92.1% (35/38) and 87.9% (29/33) in the PSISG, TF and PC groups respectively, and no significant statistical difference in the closure rates among the three groups (p = .667). A stable TM closure was observed 3 months after the endoscopic PSISG myringoplasty (Figure 2). PSISG is a new graft material derived from porcine acellular small intestine submucosa, which was successfully and safely used as a tissue reinforcement material in several different surgical procedures [15,16]. PSISG is removed all kinds of cells and antigens contained in the tissue, and retained the collagen-rich of 3D fiber framework. The collagen can be used for host cell proliferation, tissue remodeling and vascular regeneration, supporting and strengthening tissue repair [8]. Additionally, it includes fibronectin, glycosaminoglycans, hyaluronate, heparin, chondroitin sulfate, and growth factors [8,17,18], which contribute to the repair and healing of the host tissues. PSISG has been successfully demonstrated effective in the repair of chronic TM perforations in an animal model [6]. Additionally, a randomized controlled study found PSISG was a safe and effective material for TM closure in children via the post-auricular approach [8]. Our study showed that PSISG also an effective graft for endoscopic myringoplasty in adult.
Areca nut procyanidins prevent ultraviolet light B-induced photoaging via suppression of cyclooxygenase-2 and matrix metalloproteinases in mouse skin
Published in Drug and Chemical Toxicology, 2022
Chia-Ling Weng, Chih-Chiang Chen, Han-Hsing Tsou, Tsung-Yun Liu, Hsiang-Tsui Wang
Collagen, one of the major components of skin tissue, is important for the structural integrity of the skin and comprises 70–80% of the dry weight of skin. So far, more than 20 different types of collagen have been reported (Son et al.2007). UV exposure affects de novo type І collagen synthesis, and downregulates the production of type І collagen, the most abundant protein in skin connective tissue (Pillai et al.2005). This process, called collagen degradation, is responsible for wrinkle formation in photodamaged skin (Fisher and Voorhees 1998). To visualize the changes in collagen fibers in the dermal areas, histological sections of the skin were subjected to Masson’s trichrome staining to identify the collagen fibers (blue). As shown in Figure 4, UVB-irradiation causes collagen fiber destruction and a significant decrease in the abundance and density of collagen fibers in the dermis compared with that in control mice, but EGCG or ANP pretreatments ameliorated this effect.
Understanding collagen interactions and their targeted regulation by novel drugs
Published in Expert Opinion on Drug Discovery, 2021
Marialucia Gallorini, Simone Carradori
The in-depth knowledge of the different type of collagen properties might be beneficial for therapy. The pathogenesis of many diseases triggered by molecular defects of collagen genes has been therefore recently clarified through the new insights about the molecular structure, biosynthesis, supramolecular assemblies and turnover of collagens (Figure 1). Furthermore, they could be applied as delivery systems for medications, growth factors or stem cells and certain collagen types in the form of engineered scaffolds could promote tissue healing and regeneration due to their network-forming capacity and anchoring function. Understanding collagen interactions could therefore have an impact on collagen-based drug design and targeting in many diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, wound care and healing, hypoxic tumors and bone disorders.