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Development of palliative medicine in the United Kingdom and Ireland
Published in Eduardo Bruera, Irene Higginson, Charles F von Gunten, Tatsuya Morita, Textbook of Palliative Medicine and Supportive Care, 2015
77 Sattler F, Jaque S, Schroeder E et al. Effects of pharmacological doses of nandrolone decanoate and progressive resistance training in immunodeficient patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus. JClin Endocrinol Metab 1999; 84: 1268-1276. 78 Schambelan M, Mulligan K, Grunfeld C et al. Recombinant human growth hormone in patients with HIV-associated wasting. Ann Intern Med 1996; 125: 873-882.
Medical Consequences of Anabolic Steroids
Published in John Brick, Handbook of the Medical Consequences of Alcohol and Drug Abuse, 2012
James Langenbucher, Thomas Hildebrandt, Sasha J. Carr
Methandrostenolone, debuted by CIBA in 1956, was the first fruit of Ziegler’s “Chemical Cold War” program. Originally marketed to assist the recovery of burn and postoperative patients, the “little pink pills” produced excellent results on the elite powerlifters at York Barbell. As its clone Turinabol moved to the heart of the East German steroid program, “d-bol” was to become so popular with Western strength athletes that by 1969 it earned for itself, by the reckoning of Track and Field News, the sobriquet “Breakfast of Champions,” based in part on athletes’ practice of taking d-bol with heavy doses of caffeine and amphetamines on an empty stomach prior to their morning workouts, to increase “pump” and feelings of vigor. Meanwhile, another powerful injectible androgen, nandrolone decanoate (Deca-Durabolin), was synthesized in 1953 by Organon (Oss, Netherlands), and another Schering product, methenolone acetate (Primobolan Depot), a derivative of dihydrotestosterone, was approved for use in 1961. By 1964, most of the current array of anabolic steroids was available to athletes and, by the early 1970s, though most maintained a studious omerta, some athletes openly discussed their steroid use. Contemplating his upcoming challenge of the Soviet superheavyweight lifter Vasily Alexeev at the 1972 Munich Games, American champion weightlifter Ken Patera could barely contain his glee: “Last year, the only difference between me and him was that I couldn’t afford his pharmacy bill. Now I can. When I hit Munich next year … we’ll see which are better—his steroids or mine.”
Synthesis, Enzyme Localization, and Regulation of Neurosteroids
Published in Sheryl S. Smith, Neurosteroid Effects in the Central Nervous System, 2003
The second class of AASs is also composed of injectable androgen esters, called 19-nor-testosterone derivatives. These compounds have, in conjunction with the addition of long side chain moieties, a substitution of a hydrogen for the methyl group at C19 (for review, see Basaria et al.2 and Shahidi3) (Figure 6.1). AASs in this class include nandrolone decanoate. The substitution at C19 extends the half-life of this class of AASs beyond that contributed by esterification alone (for review, see Shahidi3). Nandrolone decanoate can be aromatized to 17P-estradiol, albeit only ~20% as efficiently as testosterone.21,23 Aromatizable AASs in both class 1 and class 2 may thus have additional and significant central nervous system effects not only at the androgen receptor, but also vis-å-vis the actions of their estrogenic metabolites at brain estrogen receptors.4
Older patients’ perspectives on participating in multimodal rehabilitation including anabolic steroids following hip fracture: a qualitative study embedded within a pilot RCT
Published in Disability and Rehabilitation, 2023
Signe Hulsbæk, Louise Bolvig Laursen, Morten Tange Kristensen, Julie Midtgaard
A full description of the intervention and results is presented elsewhere [16,17]. Briefly, participants were randomized (1:1) during acute care to: (1) anabolic steroid (nandrolone decanoate) or (2) placebo (saline) and received intramuscular injections every 3 weeks. Both groups received identical physiotherapy (with strength training) and a protein-rich nutritional supplement. Participants were referred for physiotherapy in nine different rehabilitation centers in the catchment area of Copenhagen University Hospital – Hvidovre. They received physiotherapy 1 h twice a week, up to and including the 12th week after inclusion in the trial. The training session consisted of warm up, functional training, balance training, lower limb exercises, and progressive strength training. Two strength training exercises were mandatory (knee-extension and leg press) and performed according to a standardized progressive protocol. Two daily protein-rich nutritional drinks were offered, containing 18 g milk-based protein pr. bottle (Nestlé Resource 2.0 + fiber).
Bone regeneration in rat using polycaprolactone/gelatin/epinephrine scaffold
Published in Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy, 2021
Arian Ehterami, Hossein Khastar, Mostafa Soleimannejad, Majid Salehi, Simin Nazarnezhad, Jila Majidi Ghatar, Arindam Bit, Moslem Jafarisani, Ghasem Abbaszadeh-Goudarzi, Nabi Shariatifar
Various studies used different scaffolds for bone regeneration. Salehi et al. loaded different concentrations of nandrolone decanoate into poly(lactic acid)/hydroxyapatite scaffold and reported that the group contained 25 mg nandrolone had better healing among different groups [69]. On the other hand, Semyari et al. reported that doxycycline can improve the bone healing process [67]. They loaded it into collagen–hydroxyapatite scaffolds and reported that the bone formation was relatively higher in the collagen/nano-hydroxyapatite/doxycycline group with filled defect when compared with other groups after 8 weeks. Samadian et al. fabricated a 3D scaffold-based on poly(l-lactic acid) (PLLA)/PCL matrix polymer containing GNFs and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) as the scaffold. Their results showed that AUNPs have dose depending effects the same as EP and PCL/PLLA/Gel/80 ppm AuNPs had the highest NB formation, osteocyte in lacuna has woven bone formation and angiogenesis in the defect site [70]. In another study, PCL/gelatin nanocomposite scaffolds containing hydroxyapatite nanoparticles and vitamin D3 were fabricated using the electrospinning method. Based on DAPI staining results, cell proliferation and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity presence and viability of the cells were greater in PCL/gelatin/hydroxyapatite nanoparticles/Vit D3 scaffold than other scaffolds. It shows adding different materials can improve bone formation [71].
Excessive dietary supplement use and blood pressure among Brazilian male resistance training practitioners and bodybuilders
Published in Journal of Substance Use, 2019
Daniela Conceição Gomes Gonçalves e Silva, Bruno Bavaresco Gambassi, Milla Gabriela Belarmino Dantas, Jhonatan Lima-Oliveira, Sílvia Lorena Vieira de Carvalho, Priscilla Alencar de Oliveira Morais, Camila Almeida Sá, Helma Pinchemel Cotrim, Azenildo Moura Santos, Dário Celestino Sobral Filho, Paulo Adriano Schwingel
The use of androgenic-anabolic steroids and cosmetic doping was reported by 8.1% (95% CI: 5.6–11.2%) and 2.0% (95% CI: 1.0–4.2%) of the participants, respectively. Among the most popular AAS (Figure 1b), 52.9% of the users reported using Deca-durabolin® (nandrolone decanoate), 28.6% reported using Winstrol® (Stanozolol), and 82.1% reported the use of some different types of testosterone (testosterone propionate, testosterone phenylpropionate, testosterone isocaproate, testosterone decanoate, testosterone cypionate or testosterone enanthate). Regarding cosmetic doping, participants used intramuscular injection of mineral oil and/or ADE vitamin complex.