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Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Wild Medicinal Plants of Piauí State-Brazil
Published in Mahendra Rai, Shandesh Bhattarai, Chistiane M. Feitosa, Ethnopharmacology of Wild Plants, 2021
Valdiléia Teixeira Uchôa, Mahendra Rai, Gilmânia Francisca Sousa Carvalho, Herbert Gonzaga Sousa, Patrícia e Silva Alves, Renata da Silva Carneiro, Ariane Maria da Silva Santos Nascimento, Felipe Pereira da Silva Santos, Gabriel e Silva Sales
The entire plant is used externally as an antiseptic for open fractures and wounds. Essential oil is primarily responsible for various activities of this plant, especially antimicrobial action against various types of bacteria and fungi and plant viruses, as well as repellent activity against house fly. This oil, rich in monoterpenes, is also indicated for respiratory disorders and is effective for mycoses, candidiasis (local use) and some cancers (carcinoma, sarcoma, etc.). It has tissue regenerating action and is useful in burns and skin problems (Lorenzi 2002).
Essential Oils as Carrier Oils
Published in K. Hüsnü Can Başer, Gerhard Buchbauer, Handbook of Essential Oils, 2020
Romana Aichinger, Gerhard Buchbauer
EOs and their components do not only show the advantages of an increased skin permeability and a higher drug absorption by disturbing the skin barrier, the disruption of the SC can also lead to cytotoxicity, skin irritation, and allergic reaction when applied at too-high concentrations, although natural PEs are less toxic than synthetic PEs. Furthermore, sesquiterpenes seem more potent compared to monoterpenes because of their chemical structure and their potential in interrupting the SC barrier. To reduce or avoid the adverse reactions it is important to apply the lowest possible, yet still efficacious, concentration of diluted EO (Herman and Herman, 2014; Chen et al., 2016).
Autofluorescence as a Parameter to Study Pharmaceutical Materials
Published in Victoria Vladimirovna Roshchina, Fluorescence of Living Plant Cells for Phytomedicine Preparations, 2020
Victoria Vladimirovna Roshchina
Monoterpenes. Volatile aroma terpenoids, mainly monoterpenes such as citral, geranial, linalool, geraniol, geranial, nerol, etc., are found in leaves and flowers (Harborne 1993; Roshchina V.V. and Roshchina V.D. 1993). Terpenoids such as the monoterpenes geranyl acetate, neral, geranial, geraniol, and their acetates are found in pollen grains of various families (Dobson et al. 1996). Flower scent and liquid excretions enriched in various terpenoids include monoterpenes such as linalool and its derivatives (Fischer 1991; Knudsen et al. 1993; Borg-Karlson et al. 1993). According to (Fischer et al. 1989; Fischer 1991), volatile aroma terpenoids also found in flowers, such as monoterpenes, can be depressants of plant growth and germination in millimolar concentrations, whereas sesquiterpene lactones showed both stimulation and inhibition of growth processes, depending on concentration. Also, flower volatiles contain dimethyl disulfide and trisulfide, C10–C13 alkanes (Stransky and Valterova 1999).
The common indoor air pollutant α-pinene is metabolised to a genotoxic metabolite α-pinene oxide
Published in Xenobiotica, 2022
Suramya Waidyanatha, Sherry R. Black, Kristine L. Witt, Timothy R. Fennell, Carol Swartz, Leslie Recio, Scott L. Watson, Purvi Patel, Reshan A. Fernando, Cynthia V. Rider
α-Pinene (Figure 1A), a bicyclic monoterpene that occurs naturally in many plants, is used widely as a fragrance and flavouring agent in consumer products and is a common indoor air pollutant. As suggested by its name, α-pinene is produced by and emitted from pine trees (Janson 1993; Geron et al. 2000). It is also found in rosemary (Gachkar et al. 2007) and Cannabis sativa (Booth et al. 2017) among other plants (Tisserand and Young 2014). The distinctive enantiospecific scents of α-pinene (pine tree scent for (−)-α-pinene and minty scent for (+)-α-pinene) make it a popular fragrance ingredient (Rastogi et al. 2001; de Carvalho and da Fonseca 2006). α-Pinene is both present in certain plant-based foods naturally and added as a flavour ingredient to others (Adams et al. 2011). It is a frequently detected volatile organic compound in surveys of indoor air (Jia et al. 2008) likely due to its presence in building materials and in household products (Rastogi et al. 2001).
Myrtenal attenuates oxidative stress and inflammation in a rat model of streptozotocin-induced diabetes
Published in Archives of Physiology and Biochemistry, 2022
Ayyasamy Rathinam, Leelavinothan Pari, Manigandan Venkatesan, Shankar Munusamy
Monoterpenes, the major components of essential oils, are found in several citrus fruits (such as orange and lemon), cherry, mint, etc. They were shown to exhibit several health benefiting properties such as antioxidant, antidiabetic, anticancer, and cholesterol-lowering effects (Marcio et al.2011, Ezhumalai et al.2014, Murali and Saravanan 2012, Crowell 1999). Myrtenal, a monoterpene found in various food products such as cardamom, lemon, spearmint, pepper, and mint, has been reported to possess antihyperglycemic, antioxidant, anticancer, and immunostimulatory properties and act as an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor (Rathinam et al.2014, Babu et al.2012, Kaufmann et al.2011, Marica Lindmark et al.2004). To the best of our knowledge, the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of myrtenal against diabetes-induced organ damage are yet to be established. Hence, in the present study, we examined the effect of myrtenal supplementation on various markers of oxidative stress and inflammation in the liver and pancreas of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.
Evaluation of the cardioprotective effect of Casuarina suberosa extract in rats
Published in Drug and Chemical Toxicology, 2022
Ekram Nemr Abd Al Haleem, Samah Fathy Ahmed, Abeer Temraz, Walid Hamdy El-Tantawy
The antioxidant activity in both extracts could be attributed to the presence of compounds possessing antioxidative effects, e.g., flavonoids (Kefayati et al.2017) and terpenoids including monoterpenes (Koziol et al.2015), sesquiterpene (Neganova et al.2012), and acyclic diterpene alcohol (Silva et al.2014). The chloroform extract demonstrated antioxidant effects which exceeded that of the petroleum ether. This effect could be due to the higher percentage of flavonoids in the chloroform extract (31.24%) than in petroleum extract (21.15%). Moreover, the content of oxygenated monoterpenes in the chloroform extract reached 30.92% and was considerably lower in the petroleum extract (3.3%). Oxygenated monoterpenes have been found to have potent antioxidant activity (Ashrafi et al.2017).