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Syzygium Aromaticum, Curcuma Longa, and Lavandula: Volatile Components and Antioxidant Activities
Published in Amit Baran Sharangi, K. V. Peter, Medicinal Plants, 2023
Odor components of LA and LX flowers in summer and autumn were identified by TD-GC-MS using PDMS/CAR-coated fiber. Linalool, terpinen-4-ol, β-caryophyllene, β-myrcene, β-ocimene, and α-ocimene were predominant components of LA and LX in both summer and autumn. α-Humulene was obtained from LA, and eucalyptol, camphor, borneol, and γ-cadinene were detected from LX. Limonene, cryptone, and bornyl acetate were obtained from LA in summer; hexyl acetate and α-terpinolen were obtained from LX in summer; and α-terpineol was obtained from LX in autumn. Lavandulyl acetate and trans-α-bergamotene were obtained in summer from both LA and LX (Table 6.5).
Conversion of Natural Products from Renewable Resources in Pharmaceuticals by Cytochromes P450
Published in Peter Grunwald, Pharmaceutical Biocatalysis, 2019
Giovanna Di Nardo, Gianfranco Gilardi
In a recent work, a metabolically engineered yeast cell factory was created by introducing into Saccharomyces cerevisiae the three enzymes responsible for the biosynthesis and the cytochrome P450-reductase from Arabidopsis thaliana that resulted to shuttle the electrons required for activity to CYP71BA1. Other modifications, including the over-expression of the mevalonate pathway rate-limiting enzymes, were introduced and α-humulene production reached 92 mg/L (Zhang et al., 2018).
Why Terpenes Matter—The Entourage Effect
Published in Betty Wedman-St Louis, Cannabis as Medicine, 2019
α-Humulene is also found in hops, coriander, cloves, basil, sage. Anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antifungalAnorectic/suppresses appetiteAnti-tumor
Lippia graveolens HBK oleoresins, extracted by supercritical fluids, showed bactericidal activity against multidrug resistance Enterococcus faecalis and Staphylococcus aureus strains
Published in Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy, 2021
Oscar de Jesús Calva-Cruz, Nallely S. Badillo-Larios, Antonio De León-Rodríguez, Eduardo Espitia-Rangel, Raúl González-García, Edgar Alejandro Turrubiartes-Martinez, Arnulfo Castro-Gallardo, Ana Paulina Barba de la Rosa
In addition to thymol and carvacrol, L. graveolens oleoresins collected in different areas, also share the presence of compounds, such as linalool, α-terpineol, β-caryophyllene, β-caryophyllene (humulene), caryophyllene oxide, and humulene epoxide (Table 5). It has been demonstrated that eucalyptol showed anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects in various diseases, including respiratory, pancreatitis, colon damage, and neurodegenerative diseases [57]. The synergic of eucalyptol and terpinen-4-ol, have shown to have a stronger antimicrobial effect [58]. Terpineol has been an excellent bactericidal against S. aureus strains [6,10,59]. Humulene, a natural monocycle terpene, was able to inhibit hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell proliferation and induced HCC apoptosis both in vitro and in vivo [60]. β-caryophyllene, a major plant volatile found in essential oils of many different spices and food plants, such as oregano, is a phytocannabionoid with a strong affinity to cannabinoid receptor type-2. The action of β-caryophyllene oxide could be partly based on its ability to disrupt the mitochondrial membrane potential and to activate the initiator of caspases, but other mechanisms could be involved [61]. β-caryophyllene, humulene, and β-caryophyllene oxide presented anti-cancer properties [61,62].
The attenuation effect of low piperine Piper nigrum extract on doxorubicin-induced toxicity of blood chemical and immunological properties in mammary tumour rats
Published in Pharmaceutical Biology, 2022
Jirakrit Saetang, Aman Tedasen, Surasak Sangkhathat, Natnaree Sangkaew, Sirinapa Dokduang, Napat Prompat, Siriporn Taraporn, Potchanapond Graidist
In addition to cytokine profiling, we also examined the effect of Dox and PFPE-Dox combination on antitumor related immune cells. Our previous work showed that PFPE promoted the antitumor immune response by regulating Th1, Th2 and Treg cells (Saetang et al. 2021). Therefore, all types of these cells were included in this study. It has been shown that the tendency of pro-tumorigenic helper T cells (Th2) and antitumorigenic helper T cells (Th1) were increased and decreased in vehicle, respectively, while Dox treatment suppressed both Th1 and Th2. This emphasized our hypothesis describing the role of Dox in lymphocyte depletion. However, the addition of 200 mg/kg BW of PFPE in the Dox group seemed to promote the number of Th1 and obviously reduced the levels of Treg, indicating the role of PFPE in immunomodulation. Moreover, other studies also supported the promoting role of P. nigrum extract on the polarization of Th1 immunity (Majdalawieh and Carr 2010; Bui et al. 2017). Specifically, it has been reported that a compound in PFPE, α-humulene, recovered IFN-γ production leading to the activation of Th1 immune response in the animal model (Rogerio et al. 2009). Doxorubicin also promoted a pro-tumorigenic environment, reflected by the increasing number of Treg cells which play a role in immunosuppression (O'Donnell et al. 2019). This could be explained by the pro-inflammatory response induced by Dox, which promoted the high levels of neutrophils and monocytes leading to the pro-inflammatory cytokine production and oxidative stress response (Bhagat et al. 2020). This scenario caused the polarization of Treg cells to control the inflammation and tissue injury (Lei et al. 2015). Interestingly, PFPE decreased the levels of this type of cell, which may be because of the antioxidant and anti-inflammation components constituted in this extract, leading to the suppression of Dox-induced inflammatory response.
Brazilian medicinal plants with corroborated anti-inflammatory activities: a review
Published in Pharmaceutical Biology, 2018
Victor Pena Ribeiro, Caroline Arruda, Mohamed Abd El-Salam, Jairo Kenupp Bastos
Sesquiterpenes are found in a wide range of essential oils. α-Humulene (7) and (–)-transcaryophyllene (8) sesquiterpenes were isolated from the essential oil of Cordia verbenacea and are also major compounds in Copaifera multijulga Hayne (Fabaceae) essential oil, which display anti-inflammatory properties through the inhibition of inflammatory mediators IL-1 and TNF-α (Moraes et al. 2012).