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Published in Samar Razaq, Difficult Cases in Primary Care, 2021
The acronym HOP helps remember the presenting features of nephrotic syndrome. The triad of hypoalbuminaemia (and hyperlipidaemia), oedema and proteinuria indicate the presence of nephrotic syndrome. In children it is caused mainly by two idiopathic diseases: (1) minimal change nephrotic syndrome and (2) focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. An increased risk of infectious complications among children with nephrotic syndrome has long been recognised. Cellulitis and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis are not too infrequent complications of nephrotic syndrome and one should be on guard against their development. Children should receive pneumococcal vaccination. Overwhelming bacterial infection in nephrotic syndrome still carries a significant mortality rate and hence should not be taken lightly when seen in primary care. Thromboembolic complications are also more common in nephrotic syndrome because of the hypercoagulable state it encourages. They are, however, less common in children than in adults. Hyperlipidaemia, hypertension, hypercoagulability and use of steroids as treatment all increase the cardiovascular risk in sufferers of nephrotic syndrome. Vitamin D deficiency due to loss of vitamin D–binding protein through the kidney may lead to secondary hyperparathyroidism. Progression to end-stage renal disease may be inevitable for some children who end up requiring dialysis. Children who respond to steroids will tend to have the best long-term prognosis.
Atlas of Autofluorescence in Plant Pharmaceutical Materials
Published in Victoria Vladimirovna Roshchina, Fluorescence of Living Plant Cells for Phytomedicine Preparations, 2020
Victoria Vladimirovna Roshchina
Hop, Humulus lupulus L., is used as a natural sedative drug to calm the nerves and reduce stress and anxiety (Duke 2002; Chadwick et al. 2006; Murav’eva et al. 2007; Efremov 2014). It has anticancer effects (Fang and Ng 2013) and demonstrates estrogenic properties (Chadwick et al. 2006). For centuries, this plant has been used to reduce nervous tension or to promote a good night’s rest by counteracting the effects of sleeplessness and insomnia. Moreover, it is also well known as the preservative and flavor used to make beer. There is a good publication about secretory structures (Melnychuk et al. 2013), in which channels of the schizogenous-lysigenous type, active during the stage of rapid shoot growth, have been discovered. Most information about the cultivation and use of hops is concentrated in a special atlas devoted to the species (Melnichuk et al. 2014).
Herbs with Antidepressant Effects
Published in Scott Mendelson, Herbal Treatment of Major Depression, 2019
Humulus lupulus, the flowers of which are known as hops, is a perennial plant in the hemp family (Cannabinaceae) that is native to the temperate zones of Europe, Asia, and the Americas. It is best known for its use in the brewing of beer. It lends a hearty, bitter flavor to the beverage and serves as a preservative owing to its antimicrobial properties. However, Humulus lupulus has also been used for centuries as a medicinal herb. Reports on the medicinal uses of Humulus lupulus date back to the Middle Ages. The oldest report may be an eleventh century book by the Arabic physician Mesue, who described anti-inflammatory properties of Humulus lupulus. In the thirteenth century, the Arabic botanist Ibn Al-Baytar noted soothing effects of the herb. Among the phytochemicals identified in Humulus lupulus are xanthohumol, humulone, cohumulone, adhumulone, lupulone, colupulone, adlupulone, catechin, quercetin, kaempferol, desmethylxanthohumol, 6-prenylnaringenin, 8-prenylnaringenin, ferulic acid, and resveratrol.1
Costs of oxygen therapy for interstitial lung disease and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A retrospective study from a universal healthcare system
Published in Canadian Journal of Respiratory, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, 2022
Ferhan Saleem, Sana Vahidy, John Fleetham, Loretta Pavan, Claire Normandin, Jordan A. Guenette, Yet H. Khor, Christopher J. Ryerson
The study was limited by the lack of granularity in some patient characteristics given the inability to link VCH HOP charts to other medical records. For example, we were unable to confidently identify the underlying diagnosis, clarify details of medications, or quantify pulmonary function. Also, we were unable to confirm compliance (eg, number of hours per day of oxygen use) for each patient or the number of cylinders used each month, as this information was only recorded by the oxygen supplier and was not shared with the VCH HOP. Furthermore, the cost of oxygen therapy is dependent on the contract with suppliers, which can result in significant fluctuations in oxygen equipment pricing. There are also potential regional differences based on population density that might affect efficiency of travel to patients’ homes.
Bipedal hopping as a new measure to detect subtle sensorimotor impairment in people with multiple sclerosis
Published in Disability and Rehabilitation, 2022
Megan C. Kirkland, Katie P. Wadden, Michelle Ploughman
MS is a heterogeneous disease with large inter-patient variability in lesion sizes and locations within the CNS, sequelae of lesions, and degree of neurodegeneration. Because multiple variables can be examined from walkway outputs during the BHT, the test may not only be useful in early detection but also to discern the exact movement impairment (i.e., power, coordination). Such information is important in order to direct the appropriate type of intervention. For instance, decreased hop length could suggest a decrease in muscle strength or potential lesion or degeneration within the corticospinal tract. This result on the BHT would direct clinicians toward providing a resistance training-based rehabilitation approach in order to improve muscle strength. In another scenario, a person with MS may have normal hop length but have greater CoP movement upon landing a hop, indicating a balance impairment. Thus, rehabilitation could be focused more on balance, proprioception, core muscle training, and stability in order to improve balance and reduce the risk of falls. Therefore, by measuring multiple domains of impairment in one test, the type of deficit can be identified and appropriate rehabilitation can be implemented, ideally delaying progression of the impairment.
Moderate Beer Consumption Modifies Tumoral Growth Parameters and Pyrrolidone Carboxypeptidase Type-I and Type-II Specific Activities in the Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Mammary Gland Axis in an Animal Model of Breast Cancer
Published in Nutrition and Cancer, 2021
María Jesús Ramirez-Expósito, José Manuel Martínez-Martos, Vanesa Cantón-Habas, María del Pilar Carrera-González
Beer is one of the most consumed alcoholic beverages, being the third among general drinks. Currently, multiple types of beer exist, differentiated by the ingredients used and the brewing processes performed. However, the addition of hops (Humulus lupulus) improves its flavor and gives it a protective effect derived from its reducing capacity of pH and antibacterial activity (23–26). Moreover, beer also contains phenolic compounds as secondary metabolites of plants which contribute to its color and aroma. These components also show antioxidant properties (27,28). In the last few years, the beneficial effects of beer compounds on human health have received special attention from the scientific community. Not only the antioxidant but also the anti-inflammatory, anticancer, estrogenic, and even antiviral properties associated with beer intake have been described to be associated with these phenolic compounds (29–31). Specifically, xanthohumol seems to exert anticancer chemopreventive activity in the early stages of the carcinogenic process (28,32) in in vitro experiments (33–35). Conversely, compounds like 8-prenylnaringenin (8-PN) have been described as one of the most potent isolated phytoestrogens (36,37). The administration of 8-PN represents a novel therapeutic approach to the treatment of menopausal and post-menopausal symptoms that occur as a consequence of a progressive decline in hormone levels (38), but it could also interfere in hormone-dependent diseases such as breast cancer.