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Sustainable Production of Aquatic and Wetland Plants
Published in Namrita Lall, Aquatic Plants, 2020
An integrated pest management (IPM) strategy should be implemented that aims to avoid/prevent, monitor, and control pest presence and prevalence to manage their populations below the economic injury level in order to maintain both low impact on people and the environment (Kogan 1998). The IPM strategy constitutes monitoring and control techniques by using physical, biological, and chemical agents simultaneously, of which, chemicals should be the last resort.
Indoor Air Pollution
Published in William J. Rea, Kalpana D. Patel, Reversibility of Chronic Disease and Hypersensitivity, Volume 4, 2017
William J. Rea, Kalpana D. Patel
This comprehensive method of pest control is called integrated pest management and includes a number of common sense control methods. If you need to use pesticides, follow these tips to ensure your safety and that the product works: However, do not use pesticides.
Cockroach and Other Inhalant Insect Allergens
Published in Richard F. Lockey, Dennis K. Ledford, Allergens and Allergen Immunotherapy, 2014
The current recommendations for cockroach control include both physical and chemical measures (Table 14.3). Approaches of biological control have been tried or are under development, such as the use of the hymenopteran parasite of the ootheca, Comperia merceti, against Supella longipalpa, or the potential use of a P. fuliginosa densovirus as a biopesticide [81]. However, these biological approaches to environmental control are still far from being commercially developed. An integrated pest management strategy consisting of sanitation, landscape management, and a perimeter insecticide treatment applied according to label directions is the best control measure possible. Although extensive measures are available to control cockroach populations, the extent of cockroach allergen stability, and allergen persistence in the environment following cockroach eradication measures is unknown.
Lethality and effects on biological and population growth parameters of ladybird predator Hippodamia variegata (Goeze) treated by some plant essential oils
Published in Toxin Reviews, 2023
Saeed Shaltoki, Hooshang Rafiee Dastjerdi, Ali Golizadeh, Mahdi Hassanpour, Asgar Ebadollahi, Vahid Mahdavi
The utilization of synthetic insecticides, including organophosphates, carbamates, and pyrethroids, as broad-spectrum toxicants have resulted in significant mortality to noun-target natural enemies (Haseeb et al. 2005). For example, the adult longevity, survival rate, and demographic parameters of H. variegata, such as the intrinsic rate of increase (rm), finite rate of increase (λ), and net reproductive rate (R0), were decreased when exposed to sub-lethal concentrations of imidacloprid (at 3.92 and 8.69 mg a.i./L) (Skouras et al. 2019). It was found that although pirimicarb did not disrupt individual life parameters of H. variegata, population parameters such as rm, R0, and λ were significantly affected by sublethal concentrations (Rahmani and Bandani 2016). Zeinadini et al. (2019) concluded that the efficiency of H. variegata was influenced by spirotetramat and imidacloprid based on the adverse effects on the demographic parameters of this predator. Therefore, there is an urgent need for developing safe and potential alternatives to replace chemical pesticides. On the other hand, controlling tools must be carefully implemented to avoid detrimental effects on biological control agents (Saber and Abedi 2013). Further, the integration of biological control with other strategies is key to the success of any integrated pest management (IPM) program (Wright and Verkerk 1995).
A randomized trial of a one-time pest intervention: impact on childhood asthma outcomes
Published in Journal of Asthma, 2021
Carolyn Olson, Cheng-Shiun Leu, Howard Alper, Michael Millican, Marina Reznik
Addressing pests as a household trigger requires not only eliminating current infestation, but also preventing its recurrence. Integrated pest management (IPM) is a prevention-focused method that effectively reduces both pests and allergens (12). A NYC public housing study found sustained allergen reduction at 6- and 9-months for a building-wide IPM intervention (13). Several multifaceted asthma management interventions with pest control have improved asthma outcomes for children (14–17). However, such interventions are resource-intensive and frequently require delivery by trained community health workers. IPM could be effectively delivered by the pest control industry for lower cost per household as a complement to existing clinical interventions. Recent national and state Medicaid reform has opened new pathways for reimbursement of nontraditional medical interventions; however, the medical sector can only intervene at the household level. To our knowledge, only two studies have tested the direct impact of an apartment-level pest control interventions on children’s asthma outcomes with conflicting results (8,18).
Location-scale mixed models and goodness-of-fit assessment applied to insect ecology
Published in Journal of Applied Statistics, 2020
R. A. Moral, J. Hinde, E. M. M. Ortega, C. G. B. Demétrio, W. A. C. Godoy
These ecological data can be used for decision making, especially regarding pest management. Integrated pest management (IPM) consists of a series of activities with the purpose of reducing damage from insect pests in agroecosystems [7]. IPM involves (i) the choice of an economic damage threshold; (ii) pest identification and monitoring; (iii) prevention through several techniques; and (iv) control, which is done when steps (i) and (ii) indicate that it should be applied and preventive techniques are no longer available. One of the types of control is biological control, which involves the promotion of pest suppression using other species of insects and fungi, referred to as natural enemies. Hence, no chemical pesticides are used, assuring better crop quality and disease risk prevention for humans [7].