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Benign tumors
Published in Archana Singal, Shekhar Neema, Piyush Kumar, Nail Disorders, 2019
Verruciform xanthoma (VX) is a reactive lesion seen in conditions with hyperplastic epidermis such as inflammatory linear verrucous nevus, congenital hemidysplasia with ichthyosiform erythroderma and limb defects (CHILD syndrome). One case involving the toenails was observed in a female patient with lymphedema.276 Another patient had multiple lesions and an almost complete nail dystrophy in the involved digit277; this is also a common feature in CHILD syndrome. We have seen a young woman with a subungual VX of a fingernail causing onycholysis (Figure 26.52) and marked bacterial contamination. Most commonly, xanthoma cells are seen in elongated dermal papillae. The suprapapillary epidermis is thinned and may be parakeratotic (Figure 26.53). Hypercholesterolemia or hyperlipidemia are not observed.
Oral Cavity Cancer
Published in Dongyou Liu, Tumors and Cancers, 2017
In addition, minor salivary gland tumors may appear on the hard palate, lips and buccal mucosa (see Chapter 9). Moreover, some benign (non-cancerous) tumors and tumor-like conditions (e.g., fosinophilic granuloma, fibroma, granular cell tumor, keratoacanthoma, leiomyoma, osteochondroma, lipoma, schwannoma, neurofibroma, papilloma, condyloma acuminatum, verruciform xanthoma, pyogenic granuloma, rhabdomyoma, and odontogenic tumors) may also affect the mouth or throat. These non-cancerous tumors are generally not life-threatening, and can be removed completely by surgery without recurrence.
Pharmacotherapy of oral mucosal manifestations of chronic graft-versus-host disease: When? What? and How?
Published in Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy, 2020
The oral cavity and salivary glands are involved in 25–80% of chronic GVHD patients [1]; and the oral cavity may be the only site with manifestations of chronic GVHD [2]. Moreover, oral lesions could persist after aggressive systemic therapy [3]. Chronic GVHD may cause an erosive lichen planus-like oral mucosal disease (Figure 1) or present as a superficial mucocele, pyogenic granuloma, and verruciform xanthoma [4]. In addition, individuals post HSCT, and especially chronic GVHD patients, have a higher risk of developing oral squamous cell carcinoma [5]. Patients may also suffer from an altered sense of taste (dysgeusia), from Sjögren-like salivary gland disease that may cause hyposalivation and xerostomia, or from sclerodermatous disease that may affect the tongue and peri-oral tissues restricting function and limiting mouth opening [6]. These manifestations may result in symptoms (mild discomfort to intense pain), impair oral function, nutrition, and socialization, leading to poor oral health and reduced quality of life, and may also be life-threatening [7]. This concise Invited Editorial will focus on the management of oral mucosal lichenoid lesions in chronic GVHD.