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Radiation oncology considerations
Published in Charles F. Levenback, Ate G.J. van der Zee, Robert L. Coleman, Clinical Lymphatic Mapping in Gynecologic Cancers, 2022
Gwendolyn Joyce McGinnis, Anuja Jhingran
Lymph node status is the most important predictor for overall survival in patients with vulvar cancer.10–12 Thorough lymph node evaluation is necessary for patient selection for radiation therapy. Sentinel node biopsy in addition to radical local excision has become the standard of care in the treatment of early-stage vulvar cancer.13 The sentinel node has gained popularity because it has been shown to have low groin recurrence and low morbidity and prevents overtreatment.14 Adjuvant radiation therapy may play a role in the management of patients with vulvar cancer in several scenarios, including prophylactic irradiation and management of micro-metastatic disease.
Cancer
Published in Sally Robinson, Priorities for Health Promotion and Public Health, 2021
Common symptoms of vulval cancer include pain or sorenesspersistent itchthickened patches which may be red, white or darka lump or an open sore
Ultrasound in Vulvar and Vaginal Cancer
Published in Juan Luis Alcázar, Ultrasound Assessment in Gynecologic Oncology, 2018
We have used high-frequency convex probes for assessing a small series of five primary or recurrent cases of vulvar cancer. In our experience, vulvar carcinomas appear as solid, irregular, heterogeneous lesions (Figure 11.1). Most tumors were vascularized (Figure 11.2).
Identification of potential prognostic biomarkers in vulval squamous cell carcinoma based on human papillomavirus infection Status-Analysis of GSE183454
Published in Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 2023
Ruxing Xi, Donghong Li, Shuanque Yang, Hui Zhang, Lijuan Hu, Xiaowei Wang, Guoqing Wang, Yan Wang
Vulvar cancer is an uncommon gynaecological tumour which accounts for 3% to 5% of all malignancies in female genital cancer (Weinberg and Gomez-Martinez 2019). Approximately 90% of vulvar cancer are vulval squamous cell carcinomas (VSCC) with an increasing incidence by an average of 0.6% per year for the past decade (Weinberg and Gomez-Martinez 2019). VSCC, which always develops from the skin of the labia or the vulvar mucosa, is divided into two types according to the pathogenesis with completely disparate epidemiological, clinical and molecular characteristics (Del Pino et al.2013, Preti et al.2020). One type arises primarily in younger patients and is associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) persistent infection while its prevalence continues to increase every year (American Cancer Society 2022), another form is observed mostly in elderly patients and appears to develop independently of HPV infection (Del Pino et al.2013). Although, the prevalence of HPV-positive tumours is seen to be decreasing as a result of HPV vaccination (Cheng et al.2020).
Nicotinamide N-methyltransferase expression in squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva
Published in Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 2022
Zeliha Esin Çelik, Serra Akar, Sıddıka Fındık, Emine Aytekin, Çetin Çelik
Patients with a history of prior malignancy or history of radiotherapy or chemotherapy before their surgical treatment were excluded from the study. Age, histopathologic information and The International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage for vulvar SCC were retrieved from medical records. The FIGO system is a widely used staging system for vulvar cancer. The stages of vulvar cancer were determined according to the 2009 FIGO staging criteria (Pecorelli 2009). Patients diagnosed with vulvar SCC underwent further adjuvant treatment as appropriate for their FIGO stage. Relapse-free survival (RFS) as the interval from the date of completion of primary therapy to the date of clinical or radiological evidence of metastatic disease (confirmed by biopsy) and disease-specific survival (DSS) as the interval from the date of diagnosis to the time of death due to disease were calculated from follow-up records and the National Death Registry, last checked on March 15 2021. The study was approved by the Institutional Human Research Ethics Committee of Selcuk University Medical School (Konya, Turkey) (#2019/17).
Factors Associated with Human Papillomavirus Vaccination and the Intention among Undergraduate Nursing Students: A Cross-Sectional, Correlational Study
Published in Journal of Community Health Nursing, 2022
Seongkum Heo, Tara F. Bertulfo, Patricia Troyan, Justus Randolph
From the pre-vaccine period to 2015–2018, in sexually active females with at least one dose of HPV vaccination, HPV infection was reduced by 86% among those aged 20 −24 years and by 97% among those aged 14–19 years (Rosenblum et al., 2021). In those without HPV vaccination, HPV infection was reduced by 65% among those aged 20–24 years and by 87% among those aged 14–19 years (Rosenblum et al., 2021). These significant declines among unvaccinated females suggest a herd effect and show the increasing impact of HPV vaccination in the United States (Rosenblum et al., 2021). In Denmark, following implementation of HPV vaccination, incidence of vulvar precancerous lesions was reduced in females aged < 20 years and 20–29 years, while it was increased in females aged 50 or older, implying the positive effects of HPV vaccination on development of vulvar cancer (Rasmussen et al., 2020). In addition, among 4,380 patients with oropharyngeal cancer, only 0.02% of patients who received HPV vaccination developed oropharyngeal cancer, and patients with no HPV vaccination had 19 times more risk of devel-oping oropharyngeal cancer (24 times in males and 9 times in females) than their counterparts (Katz, 2021).