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The Renaissance
Published in Scott M. Jackson, Skin Disease and the History of Dermatology, 2023
Treatment of pruritus involved removing the salty and bitter humors from the body, avoidance of extremes of temperature, refraining from exercise, sexual activity, rubbing and scratching, and any perturbations of the mind.85 Good sleep is important with this condition as well. Keeping the bowels regular was emphasized, using enemas or broths if need be. In regard to a controversy over whether salt water or freshwater baths were preferable, Mercurialis interestingly favored freshwater because of a reference to Homer, who had Nausicaa wash her clothing in a river rather than a sea.86 A diet rich in lettuce, vinegar, goat's meat, and chicken was promoted, with the meats preferentially boiled instead of baked or fried. The bowels should be loosened, the blood let out, and the humors purged with various purgation recipes, repeated until relief is noted.
Diseases of Infancy and Childhood
Published in Ayşe Serap Karadağ, Lawrence Charles Parish, Jordan V. Wang, Roxburgh's Common Skin Diseases, 2022
Infantile seborrheic dermatitis (ISD) is a self-limited, inflammatory, and scaling skin condition that causes erythema and greasy yellowish scaling in infants and young children. There is typically no pruritus. The exact etiology of ISD remains unknown, with hormonal fluctuations and colonization by Malassezia species being suggested.
General Medical Emergencies
Published in Anthony FT Brown, Michael D Cadogan, Emergency Medicine, 2020
Anthony FT Brown, Michael D Cadogan
Causes of pruritus with skin disease: Scabies, pediculosis, insect bites, parasites (roundworm).Eczema and psoriasis.Contact dermatitis.Urticaria.Lichen planus (pruritic, planar, purple, polygonal papules with chronic oral mucous membrane involvement).Pityriasis rosea (upper respiratory infection preceding ‘herald’ patch, followed after 7–14 days by a pink or red, flaky, oval-shaped rash).Drugs, which may cause any of the conditions (ii)–(vi) above.Dermatitis herpetiformis (chronic itchy, papulovesicular eruptions, usually distributed symmetrically on extensor surfaces, associated with gluten sensitivity).
Izokibep: Preclinical development and first-in-human study of a novel IL-17A neutralizing Affibody molecule in patients with plaque psoriasis
Published in mAbs, 2023
Susanne Klint, Joachim Feldwisch, Lindvi Gudmundsdotter, Karin Dillner Bergstedt, Elin Gunneriusson, Ingmarie Höidén Guthenberg, Anders Wennborg, Andrew C. Nyborg, Amol P. Kamboj, Paul M. Peloso, David Bejker, Fredrik Y. Frejd
In Parts C and D, the basic characteristics of psoriatic lesions (i.e., redness, thickness, scaliness, and affected surface area) were measured to assess the severity of psoriasis, using the PASI with each characteristic per body area graded on a 0 to 4 scale (total [absolute] PASI score can range from 0 [no psoriasis on the body] to 72 [the most severe case of psoriasis]). Pruritus was evaluated using a VAS assessment of pruritus. Exploratory measures of efficacy in Part D (multiple, SC dosing) were change from baseline in the severity of psoriasis using sPGA; changes from baseline in the severity of joint pain in patients with psoriatic arthritis using VAS (patients with psoriatic arthritis only); and changes from baseline in absolute PASI scores in patients with mild-to-moderate psoriasis.
Targeting interleukin 4 and interleukin 13: a novel therapeutic approach in bullous pemphigoid
Published in Annals of Medicine, 2023
Fangyuan Chen, Yiman Wang, Xinyi Chen, Nan Yang, Li Li
Eosinophilia is a typical pathological feature of BP. The numbers of eosinophils and secretory granules (e.g. eosinophil cationic protein) in serum are reportedly correlated with the severity of BP [52,53]. Eosinophils can promote the pathogenesis of blistering in BP by releasing proteolytic enzymes and producing extracellular traps [35,54]. Pruritus in BP could last for months or remain the only symptom, which is difficult to control [55]. The mechanism underlying the onset of pruritus in BP may include multiple mediators, such as cytokines, chemokines, proteases, and associated receptors [56]. The study by Hashimoto et al. indicated that eosinophil is related to pruritus severity of BP [56], presumably because of chemokines activated by eosinophils. A meta-analysis revealed that numerous chemokines were elevated in BP. The levels of CCL11 (eotaxin 1), CCL17, and tumor necrosis factor-α were elevated in blister fluid, whereas CCL26 (eotaxin 3) was elevated in serum [57]. CCL11 and CCL26 are important chemokines that mediate eosinophil infiltration and degranulation. Additionally, IL-31, a Th2 cytokine primarily expressed by eosinophils in BP [58], may also contribute to pruritus in BP.
Propylthiouracil-induced vasculitis
Published in Baylor University Medical Center Proceedings, 2023
Samantha Woller, Akshat Sood, Alyssa K. W. Maclean
This case is one of a growing number of ANCA-positive vasculitis cases associated with PTU use, which was initially recognized in 1992.1 An exact causal link has not been identified; however, the vasculitis is thought to develop as a result of PTU interaction with myeloperoxidase.2 Although cases have been reported as long as 36 months after initiating PTU treatment,3 most cases are noted sooner.4 Reported clinical findings include fever, myalgia, ocular signs, purpuric nonblanching skin lesions, hematuria, hemoptysis, and acute kidney injury.5 Interestingly, our patient’s symptoms began as severe pruritus, which has not been reported in previous cases. Early detection of this condition is critical, as worsening vasculitis has been associated with alveolar hemorrhage1 and end-organ damage.6