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Behavioral Prediction of Cancer Using Machine Learning
Published in Meenu Gupta, Rachna Jain, Arun Solanki, Fadi Al-Turjman, Cancer Prediction for Industrial IoT 4.0: A Machine Learning Perspective, 2021
As mentioned previously, three predictive foci are taken into consideration by pathologists for the purpose of cancer prognosis/prediction: (i) the prediction of cancer susceptibility or assessment of risk, (ii) the prediction of cancer recurrence, and (iii) the prediction of cancer survival [3]. Several research studies and papers suggest that there is a growing trend of ML being used to predict the susceptibility of cancer, the rate or chance of its recurrence, and the chance of survival of the cancer type. In this chapter, we will not only briefly discuss the methodologies proposed by various researchers but also a variety of results that were obtained from the work done by them on the above-mentioned points of focus.
Gynecologic Cancers and Lifestyle Medicine
Published in Michelle Tollefson, Nancy Eriksen, Neha Pathak, Improving Women's Health Across the Lifespan, 2021
Nathalie D. McKenzie, Nnamdi I. Gwacham, Sarfraz Ahmad
Regular physical exercise is associated with a reduced risk of many types of cancers,109,110 and cancer recurrence111 as well as attenuated treatment-related symptoms112–114 in cancer patients. Colorectal cancer survivors have been shown to benefit from physical activity with positive associations between physical activity level and QoL.115 Luo et al.116 in their review article proposed that participation in competitive sports and leisure-time physical activity is a potential effective strategy in the prevention and management of cancer. Review of numerous studies supports that participation of cancer patients in supervised well-tailored sport programs appears to be safe and feasible and is associated with an array of physical and psychological benefits.
Overview of Therapeutic Biomarkers in Cancer
Published in Sherry X. Yang, Janet E. Dancey, Handbook of Therapeutic Biomarkers in Cancer, 2021
Sherry X. Yang, Janet E. Dancey Treatment
Therapeutic biomarkers in clinical practice or have potential for clinical utility can be classified according to their applications (Table 1.2). They are exploited to identify responders and nonresponders to a treatment and adjust the dosage of drugs to optimize their efficacy and safety. The biomarkers can be classified as (i) clinical benefit or response, (ii) resistance to treatment, (iii) risk for cancer recurrence, and (iv) risk for adverse reactions or dosage and administration guidance. Therapy is categorized into four major ones: (i) molecularly targeted or genotype-directed therapy, (ii) immunotherapy, (iii) chemotherapy or radiotherapy, and (iv) combinations of immunotherapy or targeted therapeutics with chemotherapy. These will be introduced in greater detail in the following sections.
What role does adjuvant therapy play in the management of endometrial cancer?
Published in Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy, 2023
Gloria Shining Huang, Joan Tymon-Rosario, Alessandro D. Santin
Endometrial cancer is an increasingly common malignancy in women worldwide. The incidence of endometrial cancer has risen significantly in the past two decades [1]. Women in the United States have an estimated lifetime risk of developing endometrial cancer of 3.1%. The mortality rate due to endometrial cancer has increased at a higher rate than the incidence; unfortunately, the average percentage increase in endometrial cancer deaths in the past decade is the highest among all female cancers. Surgical management, consisting of hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy and lymph node evaluation, remains the initial treatment for most patients diagnosed with endometrial cancer. Following surgery, the risk of cancer recurrence and death varies based on clinical, pathological, and molecular factors. The role of adjuvant therapy in endometrial cancer is to reduce the risk of disease recurrence and mortality more effectively than surgery alone. Herein, we review the historical trials, which established the utility of adjuvant therapy in subgroups defined by clinical and pathological factors and discuss the current paradigm shift in contemporary clinical trials toward precision adjuvant therapy based on molecular/genetic features.
Psychometric evaluation of the Fear of Cancer Recurrence Inventory (FCRI) and development of a short version in patients with follicular lymphoma
Published in Disability and Rehabilitation, 2022
Richard Huan Xu, Siyue Yu, Yifan Yang, Shamay Ng, Bing Xu, Dong Dong
Although sophisticated medical techniques are currently available in improving cancer treatment and prognosis, cancer recurrence is highly possible [1]. Fear of cancer recurrence (FCR) is normal across different cancer types and survivor age groups. Baker et al. indicated that FCR was the first or second most commonly reported problem in breast, colorectal, lung, and prostate cancer survivors [2]. A systematic review of FCR literature found that approximately 49% and 7% of cancer survivors were affected by moderate to high and severe levels of FCR, respectively [3]. Another recent systematic review indicated that the prevalence of FCR ranged from nearly 31–85% among adolescent and young adult cancer survivors [4]. FCR is distressing and long-lasting, and it negatively affects cancer survivors’ use of health services, adherence to follow-up recommendations, and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) [5,6].
Cognitions and physical impairments in relation to upper limb function in women with pain and myofascial dysfunctions in the late stage after breast cancer surgery: an exploratory cross-sectional study
Published in Disability and Rehabilitation, 2022
Liesbet De Baets, Nele Devoogdt, Vincent Haenen, Margaux Evenepoel, Lore Dams, Ann Smeets, Patrick Neven, Inge Geraerts, Tessa De Vrieze, An De Groef
Second, not all potential associated factors were evaluated. In persons with musculoskeletal shoulder pain, psychological factors including pain self-efficacy together with expectations of recovery were identified as predictors of UL function, in contrast to structural or clinical factors [27,28]. Similar relations can be expected in cancer patients, although this needs to be confirmed. On the other hand, a recent systematic review revealed that handgrip strength as impairment after breast cancer is consistently associated with UL function, together with higher number of comorbidities [10]. This should be confirmed as well. At last, more specific for the cancer population, a relation between UL function and fear of cancer recurrence, can been expected to explain variance in UL function. It has been described that patients often interpret bodily symptoms as a sign of cancer recurrence [56]. It may be worthy to investigate to which extent fear of cancer recurrence and the experienced threat of bodily symptoms, including pain, relate to dysfunctions in breast cancer patients.