China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Dementia syndromes
Published in Bhaskar Punukollu, Michael Phelan, Anish Unadkat, MRCPsych Part 1 In a Box, 2019
Bhaskar Punukollu, Michael Phelan, Anish Unadkat
Difficult to distinguish between multi-infarct dementia and Alzheimer’s disease. Multi-infarct dementia is more likely if there is a fluctuating course, stepwise deterioration, history of ischaemic vascular event/disease, associated neurological symptoms/signs. The Hachinski Ischaemic Index can be used to distinguish between them.
The aging mind
Published in Jennifer R. Sasser, Harry R. Moody, Gerontology, 2018
Jennifer R. Sasser, Harry R. Moody
Much more serious than problems of memory is the condition of dementia, which is not the name of a specific disease but rather a name for a group of cognitive deficits including memory failure and loss of problem-solving ability that can impair activities of daily living. The word “senility” is to be avoided, and we should also not think of dementia as part of normal aging. On the contrary, dementia is a brain disorder, the most common form is Alzheimer’s Disease. Up to two-thirds of dementia is caused by Alzheimer’s, but other causes can be vascular conditions, such as multi-infarct dementia which could be described as a series of very small strokes that eventually damage the brain. Alzheimer’s Disease is not easily diagnosed, but it tends to follow a trajectory of stages, beginning with word-finding difficulties or getting lost, and continuing on to the inability to recognize family members. Some forms of Alzheimer’s have a familial or genetic component, but medical science does not agree on any clear-cut cause of the disorder.
Central nervous system
Published in David A Lisle, Imaging for Students, 2012
Multi-infarct dementia occurs in patients with risk factors for atheromatous disease and stroke, such as tobacco smoking, hypertension and diabetes. Multi-infarct dementia is characterized clinically by:Sudden onset of cognitive decline with a stepwise deterioration in functionAccompanying focal signs on neurological examination, such as weakness of an extremity or gait disturbance.
Ginkgo biloba extract 761 reduces vascular permeability of the ovary and improves the symptom of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome in a rat model
Published in Gynecological Endocrinology, 2022
Jie Zhang, Jie Huang, Xinhuan He, Ning Li, Yu Miao, Beiqing Li, Xiaoguang Shao, Ningning Wang
To date no specific therapy is available for OHSS, and current treatment principles include avoiding the use of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) to trigger oocyte maturation, postponement of embryo transfer, and intensive follow-up [3]. Obviously, these treatments are not effective in preventing development of the syndrome. The study of Zhang et al. has shown that Ginkgo biloba extract (EGb) 761 can inhibit the expression of VEGF protein and VEGF mRNA in rat aortic endothelial cells co-cultured with lysophosphatidylcholine [8]. EGb761 is standardized to contain 24% flavonoids, 6% terpenoids (ginkgolide 3.1%, bilobalide 2.9%), 5–10% organic acid, and other components. It has been extensively applied for neurological and vascular diseases, such as cerebral insufficiency, stroke, multi-infarct dementia, and myocardial ischemia [9]. However, whether EGb761 is effective in prevention or treatment of OHSS has not been studied.
Ginkgo biloba extract 761 reduces vascular permeability of the ovary and improves the symptom of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome in a rat model
Published in Gynecological Endocrinology, 2022
Jie Zhang, Jie Huang, Xinhuan He, Ning Li, Yu Miao, Beiqing Li, Xiaoguang Shao, Ningning Wang
To date, no specific therapy is available for OHSS, and current treatment principles include avoiding the use of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) to trigger oocyte maturation, postponement of embryo transfer, and intensive follow-up [3]. Obviously, these treatments are not effective in preventing the development of the syndrome. The study of Zhang et al. has shown that Ginkgo biloba extract (EGb) 761 can inhibit the expression of VEGF protein and VEGF mRNA in co-cultured rat aortic endothelial cells with lysophosphatidylcholine [8]. EGb761 is standardized to contain 24% flavonoids, 6% terpenoids (ginkgolide 3.1%, bilobalide 2.9%), 5–10% organic acid and other components. It has been extensively applied for neurological and vascular diseases, such as cerebral insufficiency, stroke, multi-infarct dementia, and myocardial ischemia [9]. However, whether EGb761 is effective in preventing or treatment of OHSS has not been studied. The aim of the present study was to investigate the possible protective effect of EGb761 on the development of OHSS and explore the underlying mechanism.
Analgesic treatments in people with dementia - how safe are they? A systematic review
Published in Expert Opinion on Drug Safety, 2019
Ane Erdal, Clive Ballard, Ipsit Vihang Vahia, Bettina Sandgathe Husebo
Three double-blinded randomized controlled trials have investigated acetaminophen versus placebo in people with dementia, including a total of 140 participants [18–20]. Two of the trials had a cross-over design [18,19], and one trial had a parallel-group design [20]. The trials included participants with Alzheimer’s disease (AD), vascular dementia (VD), multi-infarct dementia (MID), or unspecified dementia type. The period of active treatment ranged from 2 to 13 weeks. Two trials (total n = 67) reported liver function test (LFT) monitoring during treatment, and found that two participants had elevated LFTs (one during active treatment; one during placebo [p = 1; Pearson’s χ2-test; calculated based on available data]) [18,19]. Other AEs reported included falls/fractures (one during active treatment; two during placebo [p = 0.57; Pearson’s χ2-test; calculated based on available data]), transient ischemic attack (TIA) (one during active treatment [p = 0.31; Pearson’s χ2-test; calculated based on available data]), clinical deterioration/death (one during active treatment; two during placebo [p = 0.57; Pearson’s χ2-test; calculated based on available data]), and infection (one during placebo [p = 0.32; Pearson’s χ2-test; calculated based on available data]).