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The lymphoreticular system and bone marrow
Published in C. Simon Herrington, Muir's Textbook of Pathology, 2020
Thrombocytosis (increased platelet numbers) may be reactive – as seen after large haemorrhages – or neoplastic – as in essential thrombocythaemia and other myeloproliferative disorders such as polycythaemia vera. Thrombocytosis carries a risk of thrombotic events, and treatment to lower the platelet count is warranted.
Myeloproliferative Disorders
Published in Harold R. Schumacher, William A. Rock, Sanford A. Stass, Handbook of Hematologic Pathology, 2019
The LAP score is usually normal. Serum B12 and uric acid levels are frequently high. The thrombocytosis may cause: Spurious results in serum potassium levelsAbnormalities in serum levels of acid phosphatase, uric acid, LDHA hypercoagulable state
Platelet Disorders Douglas Triplett
Published in Genesio Murano, Rodger L. Bick, Basic Concepts of Hemostasis and Thrombosis, 2019
A platelet count greater than normal may be encountered in a variety of clinical circumstances. Thrombocytosis refers to a moderate, often short-lived and symptomless elevation of platelet count that occurs in association with several well-defined clinical states. The term “thrombocythemia”, however, refers to a marked and persistent elevation in the platelet count occurring as a part of a myeloproliferative disorder.257 By definition, thrombocythemia implies an unregulated proliferation of megakaryocytes, with an associated increased platelet production, in contrast to the reactive megakaryocytic proliferation and platelet production of thrombocytosis. Clinically, a clear cut distinction between thrombocytosis and thrombocythemia may sometimes prove difficult. However, because of the diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic implications, an attempt at differentiating these states is certainly worthwhile.
The implications of platelet count changes during hospitalization in the disease management of paediatric patients with bronchiolitis
Published in Infectious Diseases, 2020
Huiming Sun, Hua Xu, Ting Wang, Yongdong Yan, Wei Ji, Canhong Zhu, Yuqing Wang, Chuangli Hao, Zhengrong Chen
Thrombocytosis was found in 79 (19.6%) patients, while 325 (80.4%) patients had a normal platelet count on admission. The clinical characteristics of the patients grouped according to the platelet count are presented in Table 1. Compared to the patients with a normal platelet count, the patients with thrombocytosis were younger, were less likely to have a fever, and had more days of illness before admission. Of note, there were more males than females in the study, and males showed a lower frequency of thrombocytosis than females. Patients with thrombocytosis also had a higher peripheral leukocyte count and a lower concentration of C-reactive protein (Table 1). Respiratory syncytial virus infection was more frequently documented in patients with thrombocytosis (53.2 vs. 29.8%, p < .001), while human bocavirus was less commonly observed in patients with thrombocytosis (3.8 vs. 12.3%, p = .028) than patients with a normal platelet count.
Preoperative platelet counts and postoperative outcomes in cancer surgery: a multicenter, retrospective cohort study
Published in Platelets, 2020
Saleh Rachidi, Hong Li, Kristin Wallace, Zihai Li, Charles Balch, Tim Lautenschlaeger
In addition, platelets are qualitatively altered in the setting of cancer. Platelets from glioma and prostate cancer patients carry tumor-derived mutant RNA, and those from glioma patients have a distinct RNA signature compared to normal controls [23]. Given the interaction between platelets and the immune system, it is conceivable that platelet count is often reflective of the systemic inflammatory state. Thus, cancer patients often show thrombocytosis secondary to this inflammatory milieu, or thrombocytopenia due to cancer-induced bone marrow suppression, platelet consumption by cancer-induced aggregation, or as a result of chemotherapy. Therefore, pre-operative platelet count could prove to be a useful, biologically sound indicator of the toll of cancer on these patients and their risk for future morbidities such as infections and thromboembolism.
Platelet count correlates with stage and predicts survival in melanoma
Published in Platelets, 2019
Saleh Rachidi, Maneet Kaur, Tim Lautenschlaeger, Zihai Li
Given the established role of platelets in mediating metastasis in preclinical studies, the association between platelet count around time of diagnosis and distant metastasis (stage IV) was investigated. Patients with thrombocytosis presented with more advanced stages (Table I). Specifically, they were more likely to present in stage IV in univariate analysis and after adjusting for age and sex (prevalence ratio 3.5 [95% CI 2.35–5.22], Table II). Analyzing platelets as a continuous variable showed that for every 100-unit increase in platelet count, patients were 33% (95% CI 21–47) more likely to present with distant metastasis (Table II). This association between thrombocytosis and distant metastasis persisted after sensitivity analysis using multiple imputation to account for patients with missing platelet counts and after including non-white patients (Tables S1 and S2).