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Postpartum hemorrhage
Published in Hung N. Winn, Frank A. Chervenak, Roberto Romero, Clinical Maternal-Fetal Medicine Online, 2021
Wade D. Schwendemann, William J. Watson
Once coagulation studies are available, or sooner if there is an abnormal clot tube, or if clinically indicated, clotting factors should be replaced as well. In order to replace platelets, platelet transfusion is performed. Most conventional blood banks will perform transfusion in terms of units of platelets, but some will still use the term “six pack,” which refers to six units of platelets. Transfusion of each unit of platelets can be expected to raise the platelet count by 5 to 10 K/dL. Correction of the underlying cause of platelet consumption is critical or these platelets may undergo the same consumption that initially caused the thrombocytopenia.
Retinoids and Concomitant Surgery
Published in Ayse Serap Karadag, Berna Aksoy, Lawrence Charles Parish, Retinoids in Dermatology, 2019
A clinical study reported that isotretinoin lowered platelet counts in 110 patients treated for acne. Platelet counts for all the patients in this study were at least 200,000/microliter, and this is a value which is normal by any standard. According to the results of this study, there is no increased risk of bleeding as a result of thrombocytopenia in patients who are on systemic retinoid therapy (2).
Laboratory Instrumentation, Reagents, Methods, and Patient Sample as Variables in Coagulation
Published in Harold R. Schumacher, William A. Rock, Sanford A. Stass, Handbook of Hematologic Pathology, 2019
James W. Cook, William A. Rock
In the laboratory evaluation of platelets, we are concerned with both platelet number and platelet functional activity. Consequently, our first indication of a possible primary hemostatic abnormality is in the Coulter counter’s CBC with platelet count. If the platelet count is low, the patient may have an increased tendency to bleed. If the number is high, the trend may be toward thrombosis. If the count is normal and the patient bleeds, then we suspect a functional abnormality.
Evaluation of blood cellular and biochemical parameters in rats under a chronic hypoxic environment at high altitude
Published in Annals of Medicine, 2023
Chunlong Yan, Dengfeng Tian, Chenhong Zhang, Qiang Zhang, Yanqiu Sun
Platelets are small pieces of cytoplasm detached from the cytoplasm of mature megakaryocytes in the bone marrow [17]. In addition, the main function of platelets is to coagulate and stop bleeding and to repair damaged blood vessels [18–19]. Table 3 shows that compared with the Control group, PLT in the HA group decreased significantly (p < 0.05) (Figure 3(A)), PDW, MRV, and P-LCR increased significantly (p < 0.05) (Figure 3(B–D)), and PCT in the HA group decreased compared with the Control group, but the difference was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). These results show that the composition of platelets in the blood of rats at high altitude changes, with a decrease in platelet count and increases in the distribution of platelet size in the blood, the average platelet volume, and the percentage of large platelets in total blood platelets. This may indicate that coagulation and hemostasis functions may be affected in the low hypoxic environment at high altitudes, with a risk of bleeding.
Platelet-derived extracellular vesicles play an important role in platelet transfusion therapy
Published in Platelets, 2023
Zhi Cai, Junyan Feng, Nian Dong, Pan Zhou, Yuanshuai Huang, Hongwei Zhang
As a multifunctional immune cell, platelet transfusion is a “cell transplantation” that can actively participate in the immune regulation of the host, which may harm the efficacy of transfusion.23 Numerous mediators produced during platelet storage are involved in a variety of adverse reactions, leading to an increased risk of platelet transfusion and shortened infusion intervals.24 What’s more, PEVs produced during storage are highly homologous to platelets, have similar functions to platelets, and mediate intercellular communication.7,8 PEVs are believed to be related to enhanced platelet aggregation and regulation of the immune system, may influence the efficacy of platelet transfusion, and participate in the adverse reactions of immune transfusion.2,7,8
Platelet to white blood cell ratio was an independent prognostic predictor in acute myeloid leukemia
Published in Hematology, 2022
Shuqi Zhao, Hanzhang Pan, Qi Guo, Wanzhuo Xie, Jinghan Wang
Notably, clinical parameters are still important factors for classification in CN-AML [3]. In clinical practice, patients with AML often present with leukocytosis and thrombocytopenia. Leukocytosis is usually caused by leukemia blasts, which release from bone marrow storage pool to peripheral blood. At the same time, leukemia blasts can suppress hematopoiesis including the inhibition of the generation of platelets [4]. Notably, high WBC had been regarded as a reliable indicator of poor clinical outcome [5]. Generally, platelet count has been used to predict bleed risk in AML. Low platelet count can contribute to bleeding complications, which is a dangerous and potentially fatal complication [5]. Recently, a combinational index of platelet and WBC had been proved as an independent prognostic predictor in several diseases such as acute-on-chronic liver failure, renal malignancy, ischemic stroke, and acute promyelocytic leukemia [5–8]. However, whether this ratio of platelet and WBC counts (PWR) has somewhat prognostic indication in CN-AML is still not investigated. Therefore, we analyzed the prognostic value of PWR in a large cohort of CN-AML patients.