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Infiltrative Cardiomyopathies
Published in Andreas P. Kalogeropoulos, Hal A. Skopicki, Javed Butler, Heart Failure, 2023
Arthur Qi, Quynh Nguyen, Haran Yogasundaram, Gavin Y. Oudit
Iron studies and genetic testing may be required when primary hemochromatosis is suspected. Serum ferritin is frequently elevated in patients with IOC. Even though serum ferritin is a non-specific marker that correlates poorly with myocardial iron deposition, elevated levels identify those at risk of developing IOC. Plasma B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) is a useful prognostic marker, especially early in the course of the disease.63 BNP might be elevated in heart failure patients with preserved LVEF before Doppler indices become abnormal.64 Other biochemical tests, such as complete blood count, hemoglobin electrophoresis, and liver function or endocrine tests are helpful in identifying the underlying condition resulting in IOC, as well as evaluating the extent of iron-induced organ dysfunction.42,43
Granulomatous Diseases
Published in Ayşe Serap Karadağ, Lawrence Charles Parish, Jordan V. Wang, Roxburgh's Common Skin Diseases, 2022
Albert Alhatem, Robert A. Schwartz, Muriel W. Lambert, W. Clark Lambert
Laboratory studies: Complete blood count (CBC) with a peripheral smear, prothrombin time (PT) with an international normalized ratio (INR), and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) can help establish the diagnosis of any underlying conditions. The CBC identifies abnormalities in different hematologic cell components, including platelet number and presence of anemia or leukopenia, and provides evidence for intravascular hemolysis. The PT evaluates the extrinsic clotting pathway (factors VII, IX, II, X, V, and fibrinogen), and aPTT assesses the intrinsic pathway (factors HWMK, kallikrein, XII, XI, IX, VIII, II, X, V, and fibrinogen).
Psychosocial Aspects of Diabetes
Published in Jahangir Moini, Matthew Adams, Anthony LoGalbo, Complications of Diabetes Mellitus, 2022
Jahangir Moini, Matthew Adams, Anthony LoGalbo
The presence of multiple cognitive deficits, especially in a patient with an average or higher level of education, suggests dementia. Laboratory tests include levels of B12 and thyroid-stimulating hormone. Sometimes, CBC and liver function tests are performed. Testing for HIV or syphilis may be indicated. Lumbar puncture can be done if a chronic infection or neurosyphilis is suspected. For initial evaluation of dementia, or after a sudden change in cognition or mental status, CT or MRI should be performed. Neuroimaging can identify metabolic disorders such as Wilson’s disease. A formal mental status examination can be conducted, and in many cases, formal neuropsychological testing is beneficial to assist with differential diagnosis and treatment planning.
Establishment and validation of haematological reference intervals for newborns aged 5 to 28 days in Nanjing, China
Published in Hematology, 2023
Chen-Li Li, Cheng Tan, Ling Gao, Yong Chang, Wei-Min Fan
Before the analysis, quality control records and performance verification data were collected for quality assessment. The analytical procedures were performed according to the manufacturer's instructions and laboratory protocols, including function checks, regular maintenance, calibration and internal quality control. The following 18 CBC parameters were evaluated: white blood cell (WBC), Monocytes#, Mono%, Eosinophils#, Eos%, Lymphocytes#, Lymph%, Neutrophils#, Neut%, Basophils#, Baso%, red blood cell (RBC) count, Hb, Hematocrit (Hct), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular Hb (MCH), MCH concentration (MCHC) and platelets (PLT). Haematological RI calculations of the nonparametric 2.5th–97.5th percentiles were performed according to the CLSI EP28-A3c guidelines. Further validation was performed on the data of 20 healthy newborns.
Revision of potential prognostic markers of cholangiocarcinoma for clinical practice
Published in Expert Review of Anticancer Therapy, 2023
Charupong Saengboonmee, Sumalee Obchoei, Kanlayanee Sawanyawisuth, Sopit Wongkham
A complete blood count (CBC) is a routine laboratory test that is useful for suggestion in diagnosis and management. In cancer patients, CBC is usually used to evaluate patients’ fitness before undergoing a surgical operation. CBC is also considered one of the ‘safety factors’ before receiving chemotherapy. The total and differential counts of each leukocyte could imply the inflammatory status of patients and suggest the etiology of inflammation when the particular subtype of leukocyte is predominated. Since inflammation promoting carcinogenesis and progression is considered one of the cancer hallmarks, it is sensible that the inflammatory markers, including the blood cells, might potentially be a prognostic marker for cancer progression [88]. The inflammatory markers and blood cells thus become one of the hot topics in the research field, especially in CCA, where the associations between the chronic inflammatory process and the progression of cancer are evident.
Effect of α+ Thalassemia on the Severity of Plasmodium falciparum Malaria in Different Sickle Cell Genotypes in Indian Adults: A Hospital-Based Study
Published in Hemoglobin, 2023
Prasanta Purohit, Pradeep Kumar Mohanty, Jogeswar Panigrahi, Kishalaya Das, Siris Patel
Comparison of complete blood count parameters revealed that there was a significant increase in the total hemoglobin level (p = 0.002) and decreased level of MCV, MCH, and MCHC in patients with α+ thalassemia compared to normal α-globin genotype. Though there was an increased trend in RBC level in patients with α+ thalassemia, it did not reach statistical significance (p ≤ 0.056). The values of WBC, hematocrit and platelet count were at par in all three α-globin genotypes. Comparison of various biochemical parameters showed no significant difference except serum bilirubin total and bilirubin direct, which were decreased in α+ thalassemia groups. LDH value was decreased with decreasing α-globin gene number. Among the hemoglobin variants (HbA0, HbF, and HbA2), HbA2 was only significantly decreased (p < 0.0001) in α+ thalassemia groups. The comparison of hematological and biochemical parameters among the three α-globin genotypes in patients with HbAA genotype is shown in Table 3.