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Omega-3 PUFA and L-Arginine for Longer Life Span with a Longer Health Span
Published in Robert Fried, Richard M. Carlton, Flaxseed, 2023
Robert Fried, Richard M. Carlton
Think about this: according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, there are four major cardiovascular disease risk factors: high blood pressure, unhealthy blood cholesterol levels, diabetes mellitus and obesity. (3) There are others, of course, including smoking, abusing alcohol and/or drugs, heredity and so on, but these are said to be the major ones.
Heart Disease
Published in Charles Theisler, Adjuvant Medical Care, 2023
Heart disease, also known as cardiovascular disease, comprises a range of conditions such as heart attack, heart failure, coronary or valvular heart disease, arrythmias, cardiomyopathies, and congenital heart defects. Heart disease is the leading cause of death for both men and women in the U.S. The most common cause of heart disease is coronary artery disease, which is narrowing or blockage of the coronary arteries. Coronary atherosclerotic heart disease also comprises the most common cause of cardiovascular disability. Specific treatment is contingent on the type of heart disease diagnosed.
Assessment of peripheral blood flow and vascular function
Published in R. C. Richard Davison, Paul M. Smith, James Hopker, Michael J. Price, Florentina Hettinga, Garry Tew, Lindsay Bottoms, Sport and Exercise Physiology Testing Guidelines: Volume II – Exercise and Clinical Testing, 2022
Benjamin J. R. Buckley, Maxime Boidin, Dick H. J. Thijssen
Whilst exercise-induced cardioprotection can be partly attributed to improvements in traditional cardiovascular risk factors, the magnitude of effect does not fully explain the risk reduction seen in cardiovascular outcomes and all-cause mortality (Joyner and Green, 2009). Peripheral vascular dysfunction represents a precursor of atherosclerosis (Takase et al., 1998), subsequently leading to the development and progression of cardiovascular disease (Davignon and Ganz, 2004). For this reason, measurement of peripheral vascular dysfunction shows strong predictive capacity for future coronary vascular events (Green et al., 2011). Moreover, the potent cardioprotective effects of regular exercise training is at least partly explained through improvement in vascular function (Green et al., 2017).
Using elastography-based multilayer perceptron model to evaluate renal fibrosis in chronic kidney disease
Published in Renal Failure, 2023
Ziman Chen, Tin Cheung Ying, Jiaxin Chen, Chaoqun Wu, Liujun Li, Hui Chen, Ting Xiao, Yongquan Huang, Xuehua Chen, Jun Jiang, Yingli Wang, Wuzhu Lu, Zhongzhen Su
Demographic information (including age, sex, and body mass index), liquid biopsy indicators (including blood urea nitrogen, serum albumin, serum uric acid, serum creatinine, urinary albumin creatinine ratio (UACR), and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR)), and comorbidity (e.g., cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and hypertension) were obtained from each participant. The eGFR was calculated using the CKD epidemiology collaboration (CKD-EPI) formula [28]. The CKD-EPI formula is more accurate than the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) formula for determining eGFR, as recommended by the KDIGO guideline (2012), especially for values greater than 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 [22]. Furthermore, the CKD-EPI equation is preferred in general practice and public health [29]. As for the Cockcroft-Gault equation, it overestimates renal function, and the estimation of GFR is less accurate [30]. Liquid biopsy indicators were collected according to laboratory standard operating procedures within a week prior to the renal biopsy. Diabetes and hypertension were identified based on physician diagnosis with International Classification of Diseases (ICD) codes or documentation of patients taking insulin, oral hypoglycemic agents, and anti-hypertensive drugs. Cardiovascular disease was defined as the presence of heart failure, coronary heart disease, stroke, or peripheral vascular disease.
Frequency and clinicoeconomic impact of delays to definitive diagnosis of obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in the United States
Published in Journal of Medical Economics, 2023
Srihari S. Naidu, Megan B. Sutton, Wei Gao, Jennifer T. Fine, Jipan Xie, Nihar R. Desai, Anjali T. Owens
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a myocardial disease characterized by left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), hypercontractility, and impaired diastolic function in the absence of other identifiable diseases that could account for such remodeling and dysfunction1,2. There is no reported distinct geographic, ethnic or sex pattern of distribution of the disease3. However, HCM is most commonly caused by genetic mutations1,2. Phenotypically, HCM is classified as either obstructive or nonobstructive. Obstructive HCM is defined clinically as a resting or provoked peak instantaneous left ventricular (LV) outflow gradient of ≥ 30 mm Hg and occurs in approximately 70% of patients with HCM4,5. Half of the patients with HCM are asymptomatic4. The remaining half present with various symptoms, such as fatigue, chest pain, dyspnea, palpitations, and syncope, that are also common to other diseases, especially other cardiovascular diseases6. The current guideline-recommended pharmacologic treatment options for obstructive HCM focus on the treatment of symptoms rather than the underlying pathophysiological source of HCM. In cases where patients have persistent severe symptoms the treatment options also include septal reduction therapy2. For symptomatic patients, the cumulative disease burden can be substantial, including heart failure (HF), atrial fibrillation, stroke, and sudden cardiac death (SCD)2,7,8.
Comorbid conditions as predictors of mortality in severe COPD – an eight-year follow-up cohort study
Published in European Clinical Respiratory Journal, 2023
Gabriella Eliasson, Christer Janson, Gunnar Johansson, Kjell Larsson, Anders Lindén, Claes-Göran Löfdahl, Thomas Sandström, Josefin Sundh
At baseline, information was collected by the responsible physician from history and medical record review on sex, age, smoking history, body weight and height, current pharmacological treatment, number of exacerbations the recent year, the phenotype of chronic bronchitis and comorbid conditions in terms of cardiovascular disease, diabetes, impaired kidney function, malnutrition, musculoskeletal symptoms, osteoporosis or depression. An exacerbation was defined as worsening of symptoms of dyspnea and sputum beyond normal day-to-day variation, requiring increased maintenance treatment, courses of antibiotics or oral steroids or an emergency visit or hospitalization [22]. The phenotype of chronic bronchitis was defined as productive cough of more than three months occurring within the span of two years [2]. All the comorbid conditions were defined as recorded doctor´s diagnoses with ongoing in need of pharmacological or non-pharmacological treatment. Cardiovascular disease included any of the diagnoses of ischemic heart disease, heart failure, atrial fibrillation or flutter or cerebrovascular disease. Impaired kidney function denoted chronical renal impairment and not transient renal failure with normalized kidney function. Musculoskeletal problems included any condition with symptoms of muscle weakness, pain or joint diseases including rheumatic diseases, osteoarthritis as well as arthrosis.