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Valvular Heart Disease and Heart Failure
Published in Andreas P. Kalogeropoulos, Hal A. Skopicki, Javed Butler, Heart Failure, 2023
Kali Polytarchou, Constantina Aggeli
Degenerative AS usually becomes symptomatic in the 7th decade of life, bicuspid valve disease in the 4th to 5th,8 and rheumatic disease in the 2nd to 4th. Symptoms include dyspnea or angina on exertion, fatigue, and syncope during exercise. When angina occurs, median survival is five years; with syncope, three years; and with occurrence of HF symptoms, two years.9
Molecular adaptations to endurance exercise and skeletal muscle fibre plasticity
Published in Adam P. Sharples, James P. Morton, Henning Wackerhage, Molecular Exercise Physiology, 2022
Given the variability of endurance trainability and the many variables that go into a training programme, what recommendations can be given for prescribing endurance training? In the 2011 ACSM position stand, the authors recommended the following for aerobic (endurance) exercise for apparently healthy adults (11): Frequency: ≥5 days per week of moderate exercise or ≥3 days per week of vigorous exercise, or a combination of moderate and vigorous exercise on ≥3–5 days per week is recommended.Intensity: Moderate and/or vigorous intensity is recommended for most adults.Time: 30–60 minutes per day (150 minutes per week) of purposeful moderate exercise or 20–60 minutes per day (75 minutes per week) of vigorous, or a combination of moderate and vigorous exercise per day is recommended for most adults.Type: Regular, purposeful exercise that involves major muscle groups and is continuous and rhythmic in nature is recommended.
A diabetic patient with a leg ulcer
Published in Tim French, Terry Wardle, The Problem-Based Learning Workbook, 2022
Exercise therapy is capable of significantly improving claudication symptoms. Patients are encouraged to walk to near-maximum pain for a minimum period of 6 months. Exercise should be done at least three times a week, for a minimum of half an hour.
The consideration of post-exercise impact on SCAT3 scores in athletes immediately following a head injury
Published in Brain Injury, 2023
Stephanie Iring-Sanchez, Jenna Tosto, Michelle Favre, Sinae Kim, Michael Falvo, Jorge M. Serrador
The control players in this dataset likely reported increased symptoms due to their recent participation in a high-intensity collision sport, rugby in this case, which can cause an elevation in symptoms due to exercise intensity, inflammation, and dehydration. Symptoms associated with maximal exercise may include fatigue, feeling slowed down, dizziness, and pressure in the head (24, 26). In addition, symptoms could be due to injuries other than head injuries, increasing the total number of symptoms and symptom severity (50). Following exercise, induced dehydration is likely to occur, which could cause symptoms, such as headache, feeling in a fog, and feeling slowed down to increase (51). The physiological effects of exercise, inflammation, and dehydration could result in clinical symptoms being reported that are similar to those following a concussion. Given the prominence of self-report symptoms in concussion assessment, it is important when doing sideline assessments to distinguish which symptoms are likely the result of intense exercise in players, versus those that are associated with the head injury.
Rehabilitation interventions to modify endocrine-metabolic disease risk in individuals with chronic spinal cord injury living in the community (RIISC): A systematic search and review of prospective cohort and case–control studies
Published in The Journal of Spinal Cord Medicine, 2023
Jenna C. Gibbs, Eleni M. Patsakos, Desiree B. Maltais, Dalton L. Wolfe, Dany H. Gagnon, B. Catharine Craven
Substantial evidence supports the efficacy of inpatient rehabilitation to improve functional recovery and neural repair during the acute and subacute phases of SCI.21,22 Yet, few studies have evaluated intervention strategies to reduce the frequency and severity of long-term risk for EMD.23 Recent clinical practice guidelines have been published to provide recommendations for identifying and managing cardiometabolic disease risk after SCI.24 Chronic SCI also represents an important timeframe to reduce bone loss, muscle fat infiltration, and risk for fractures. Exercise with neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) or functional electrical stimulation (FES) is a promising intervention to mitigate muscle and bone loss and cardiometabolic risk related to SCI.25 Weight-bearing physical activity, standing, and whole-body vibration can also improve cardiorespiratory fitness and muscle function.26–28 As well, combined exercise and dietary intervention can promote weight loss alongside favorable changes in body composition and biomarkers.25 However, a pragmatic model of rehabilitation delivery to modify EMD risk after chronic SCI remains unknown, with limited data on how to improve outcomes of interest, especially related to bone health and fracture risk.
Effect of Moderate Intensity Exercise on Infection Rates in Individuals with Primary Immunodeficiency Disease: A Preliminary Pilot Randomized Investigation
Published in Physiotherapy Theory and Practice, 2022
Kerri Sowers, Bini Litwin, Alan Lee, Mary Lou Galantino
The Physitrack® exercise program is a web and app (phone or tablet compatible) home-based exercise program software (https://www.physitrack.com/about-us). This program provides detailed instructions and videos on how to safely perform the prescribed exercises. It tracks adherence, allowing participants to record the frequency and duration of the exercises completed. The exercise program was semi-customized in that the primary investigator consulted with each participant about the type of exercises they were interested in, equipment they had access to, and other mobility limitations or need for exercise modifications. Based on that consultation, each participant was provided with 20 to 40 potential exercises. Exercises were available daily through the app, but participants were guided into selecting exercises from the list that would help them achieve the minimally required 150 minutes of moderate intensity exercise per week. The available exercises included cardiovascular/aerobic activities (i.e. walking, jogging, elliptical, cycling, and swimming); core stability (i.e. Pilates and yoga style exercises); weightlifting (i.e. free or machine weights for major muscle groups); and stretching and general range of motion for major muscle groups. Most participants selected walking at a moderate intensity and yoga/core stability programs for their exercise interventions. Participants in the control group were given the opportunity to participate in the exercise program at the end of the study period.