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The spectrum of voice disorders – classification
Published in Stephanie Martin, Working with Voice Disorders, 2020
Aerophagia has been described as the initial presenting symptom of anxiety and depression in a patient (Appleby and Rosenburg, 2006). It is usually defined as a condition where a person swallows too much air, too frequently, in too large quantities which results in constant and/or excessive belching or burping. The swallowed air goes into the stomach and/or oesophagus and may or may not be associated with digestive upset. It is often thought to be associated with food allergies and GORD. Modification of eating patterns and respiratory intervention has been very successful when working with patients. However, a study of 79 patients with aerophagia and 121 patients with upper gastrointestinal symptoms reports distinctly different symptoms in the two groups (Chitkara et al., 2005), with the patients with aerophagia having an average duration of the disorder of 24 months.
Biofeedback, Relaxation Training, and Cognitive Behavior Modification
Published in Kevin W. Olden, Handbook of Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders, 2020
Ann L. Davidoff, William E. Whitehead
It is estimated that 50-70% of the gas in the GI tract comes from swallowed air (71). Each swallow draws 3-5 ml of air into the stomach (72). The swallowing of excessive amounts of air, or aerophagia, results in symptoms of belching, flatulence, bloating, and abdominal pain. In some cases, excessive swallowing is unconscious; in other cases, it involves conscious, abnormal swallows in which the head is extended to open the upper-esophageal sphincter and the rib cage is expanded to suck large quantities of air into the esophagus, after which the patient swallows to carry the air into the stomach by peristalsis. The conscious type of aerophagia appears to be confined primarily to institutionalized, retarded individuals, who may engage in it because it produces pleasurable stimulation or attention from caregivers.
Global prevalence and international perspective of paediatric gastrointestinal disorders
Published in Clarissa Martin, Terence Dovey, Angela Southall, Clarissa Martin, Paediatric Gastrointestinal Disorders, 2019
Shaman Rajindrajith, Niranga Devanarayana, Marc Benninga
Aerophagia is a functional gastrointestinal disease characterised by repetitive swallowing of air that leads to abdominal distension, excessive belching and/or flatus. Clinically, children with aerophagia present with a non-distended abdomen in the morning and gradual distension of the abdomen throughout the day. Excessive belching is noted during the day. In addition, frequency of passing flatus increases, especially during the night. On physical examination the abdomen shows gross distension and the percussion note is tympanic all over the abdomen. Although it seems benign, in severe cases aerophagia leads to serious complications such as pneumoperitoneum, volvulus and intestinal perforation (Basaran et al., 2007; Hutchinson et al., 1980; Trillis F Jr et al., 1986).
Intermittent abdominal pressure ventilation management in neuromuscular diseases: a Delphi panel Consensus
Published in Expert Review of Respiratory Medicine, 2023
Anna Annunziata, Paola Pierucci, Paolo Innocente Banfi, Annalisa Carlucci, Antonietta Coppola, Fabrizio Rao, Matteo Schisano, Francesca Simioli, Claudia Crimi, Antonio M. Esquinas, Zuhal Karakurt, Alessio Mattei, Antonella Marotta, John R. Bach, Giuseppe Fiorentino
The observation of a 45-year-old woman with limb-girdle muscular dystrophy (LGMD), secondary to Dysferlin deficiency, who used NVS for 2 years of nocturnal hypoventilation was recently reported. Despite nocturnal NVS, with weight gain and continued daytime hypoventilation, the patient required nasal NVS. However, daytime IAPV was initiated to mitigate cosmetic problems. The IAPV improved PaO2, and helped reducing pCO2 at 6 and 18 month checkups [31]. The woman better tolerated the new daytime device and described optimal comfort using it without using any facial interface. Indeed, never experienced any skin interface-related issues any more. The blood gas analysis showed very improved gas exchange, the best ever noted. Dyspnea was relieved during its diurnal use for 5–6 hours in two cycles [31]. Moreover, two subjects, who complained about aerophagia and gastric overdistension using NVS, benefited from the abdominal compression exerted by the IAPV device during the exhalation phase. Overall, the quality of life and symptoms were improved by the device.
The probiotic Bacillus subtilis BS50 decreases gastrointestinal symptoms in healthy adults: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
Published in Gut Microbes, 2022
Sean M. Garvey, Eunice Mah, Traci M. Blonquist, Valerie N. Kaden, Jessica L. Spears
Abdominal bloating is defined as “the subjective sensation of gassiness, trapped gas, or a feeling of pressure or being distended without obvious visible distension”.6 Bloating can also occur with objective physical distension of the abdomen. The etiology for bloating and distension is complex and multifactorial. Triggers may include disturbances to digestive enzyme output and activity, intestinal transit and motility, composition of the intestinal microbiota, intestinal gas production, immune function, visceral hypersensitivity, and central nervous system processing.7,8 Bloating has also been described as primarily a sensory phenomenon associated with a lower pain threshold or increased biological sensitivity, as evidenced by computed tomography imaging showing that luminal gas increases in only 25% of FGID patients during a bout of abdominal distension or following consumption of a “high-flatulence” diet.9 These results point to a potential role of the gut-brain axis in perception of bloating severity, and suggest that the intestinal microbiota or gut sensory neuropod cell signaling modulation could impact hypersensitivity and bloating. Related to gut-brain cross-talk, belching can be the consequence of aerophagia, or swallowing air, which itself is influenced by anxiety, depression, and hypervigilance.10
Treatment of two newborns with esophageal atresia and distal tracheoesophageal fistula complicated by gastric perforation: choosing the simple way
Published in Acta Chirurgica Belgica, 2020
Mustafa Okumuş, Adil Umut Zübarioğlu, Reşit Atalan
Prematurity and low birth weight predispose infants to gastric perforation and mostly there is an associated condition such as ischemic bowel, necrotizing enterocolitis, tracheoesophageal fistula, intestinal obstructions and atresias [8,9]. As some authors thought that a congenital absence of gastric musculature induces gastric perforation, others suggested that perforation is caused by a mechanical rupture of stomach secondary to increased gastric pressure, rather than a congenital agenesis of gastric muscles [8–11]. Increased intragastric pressure secondary to mechanical obstruction or aerophagia has also been postulated in the etiology of gastric perforation [9].