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Belching/Burping
Published in Charles Theisler, Adjuvant Medical Care, 2023
Burping or belching is a normal physiologic mechanism for expelling air through the mouth from an overstretched stomach. It occurs after a large meal or the result of swallowing air along with fluids, especially carbonated drinks, or food. This triggers the lower end of the esophagus to relax, allowing some air to escape up the esophagus and out the mouth. Belching can help relieve bloating and temporarily reduce heartburn. Excessive belching can be a problem especially when paired with additional symptoms such as abdominal pain. H. pylori infection, small intestine bacterial overgrowth, food intolerance (e.g., lactose), and hiatal hernia are some medical causes for excessive belching.
Clinical syndromes in acute coronary syndrome
Published in K Sarat Chandra, AJ Swamy, Acute Coronary Syndromes, 2020
Sometimes it may be described as indigestion and occasionally may be relieved by belching. Pope and colleagues found that 76% of patients who presented with the complaint of chest pain or chest discomfort (including arm, jaw or equivalent discomfort) had a 29% incidence of acute coronary syndrome at final diagnosis (10% AMI,19% UAP). In 69% of patients, chest pain or discomfort was the chief complaint, and this group had a 31% incidence of ACS (10% AMI, 21% UAP). In 21% of patients, it was the only complaint, and this group had a 32% incidence of ACS (9% AMI, 23% UAP). Sharp, stabbing or positional pain is less likely to represent ischaemia, but does not exclude it [24].
The upper gastrointestinal tract, common conditions, and recommended treatments
Published in Simon R. Knowles, Laurie Keefer, Antonina A. Mikocka-Walus, Psychogastroenterology for Adults, 2019
Although some belching is normal and allows the venting of the gas that is swallowed whilst eating, persistent or recurrent belching can be a troublesome symptom, occasionally being severe enough to completely take over the patient’s life. There are two major types of belching: supragastric belching involves the patient drawing air into the oesophagus and then expelling it again, usually without the air entering the stomach. This belching is typically repetitive and frequent, and can go on for some time. Usually it is a response to abdominal discomfort where the patient feels momentarily better following the belch, which reinforces the behaviour. Gastric belching involves excessive swallowing of gas, sometimes with food, or because of anxiety or abdominal symptoms such as nausea. The stomach is distended and the gas is released usually in one or a few large belches. If the gas is not vented, it will pass through the GI tract, causing bloating, gurgling, and excessive flatus.
“Comparison of Nissen Rossetti and Floppy Nissen techniques in laparoscopic reflux surgery”
Published in Annals of Medicine, 2023
Cem Kaan Parsak, İlker Halvacı, Uğur Topal
Very different rates of dysphagia have been reported in the literature, with Beldi and Glattti reporting a dysphagia rate of 25% and Frantzides et al. a rate of 34% [35,36]. A comparison of the findings of the present study alongside those in the literature would suggest that dysphagia is mostly caused by solid foods. In the present study, the rate of dysphagia was 10%, and consistent with the literature, was mostly linked to solid food, with three patients in the laparoscopic Floppy–Nissen group and five patients in the laparoscopic Nissen–Rossetti group complaining of difficulty in swallowing solid food. Floppy–Nissen group and four in the laparoscopic Nissen–Rossetti group. Frequent belching is another common symptom in reflux patients. In the postoperative period, patients generally complain of being unable to belch, although frequent postoperative belching may indicate a loose fundoplication. The late appearance of frequent postoperative belching may suggest a shift either in the graft or in the fundoplication, and so it may therefore serve as an important symptom at follow-up. In the present study, the rate of frequent postoperative belching was 11.3%.
Difference in meal-related esophageal intraluminal impedance change between gastroesophageal reflux disease and functional disorders
Published in Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology, 2023
Yutang Ren, Xiaojuan Guo, Yunting Cai, Xueru Huo, Xiaofang Ying, Qiuxiang Lu, Xuan Jiang, Bo Jiang
This study was conducted in the Outpatient Clinic of Gastroenterology at a tertiary hospital. Patients with esophageal symptoms were collected from July 2016 to July 2018. The electronic clinical profiles of those patients were reviewed. The profile included patients’ medical history, endoscopy reports, 24-hour esophageal pH-impedance monitoring and high-resolution manometry. Patients with GERD and functional disorders with esophageal symptoms were included for the study. GERD was diagnosed with typical reflux symptoms, positive response to PPIs, abnormal acid exposure time and/or visible reflux esophagitis under endoscope. Functional disorders such as functional heart burn, functional chest pain, reflux hypersensitivity and globus were diagnosed according to Rome IV criteria [3]. Belching disorder was also included because excessive belch is also a common symptom of GERD. Patients with on-PPI pH-impedance recordings were excluded. All patients had given written informed consent for the study. The study protocol adhered to the Declaration of Helsinki and was proved by the Institutional Review Board of Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital (BTCH-EC-FJ-21-1.0).
The probiotic Bacillus subtilis BS50 decreases gastrointestinal symptoms in healthy adults: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
Published in Gut Microbes, 2022
Sean M. Garvey, Eunice Mah, Traci M. Blonquist, Valerie N. Kaden, Jessica L. Spears
Abdominal bloating is defined as “the subjective sensation of gassiness, trapped gas, or a feeling of pressure or being distended without obvious visible distension”.6 Bloating can also occur with objective physical distension of the abdomen. The etiology for bloating and distension is complex and multifactorial. Triggers may include disturbances to digestive enzyme output and activity, intestinal transit and motility, composition of the intestinal microbiota, intestinal gas production, immune function, visceral hypersensitivity, and central nervous system processing.7,8 Bloating has also been described as primarily a sensory phenomenon associated with a lower pain threshold or increased biological sensitivity, as evidenced by computed tomography imaging showing that luminal gas increases in only 25% of FGID patients during a bout of abdominal distension or following consumption of a “high-flatulence” diet.9 These results point to a potential role of the gut-brain axis in perception of bloating severity, and suggest that the intestinal microbiota or gut sensory neuropod cell signaling modulation could impact hypersensitivity and bloating. Related to gut-brain cross-talk, belching can be the consequence of aerophagia, or swallowing air, which itself is influenced by anxiety, depression, and hypervigilance.10