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Curative Properties of Chamomile in Gastrointestinal Disorders
Published in Megh R. Goyal, Preeti Birwal, Durgesh Nandini Chauhan, Herbs, Spices, and Medicinal Plants for Human Gastrointestinal Disorders, 2023
Mouth ulcers are associated with a number of etiologies.20 Stomatitis is the main dose-limiting toxicity for chemotherapy regimens dependent on 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) bolus. There was a double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial with 164 volunteers. At the time of their first 5-FU-based chemotherapy phase, patients were admitted into the study and randomized for 14 days of accepted chamomile liquid formulation three times in a day.18 In case of stomatitis, no significant difference was observed among the clinical trial volunteers. No toxicity was reported. The same outcome was acquired in this condition by other chamomile trials. The pre-study theory was not assisted by evidence of clinical studies that chamomile could decrease stomatitis induced by 5-FU. Whether chamomile is beneficial in this case, the findings remain unclear.
Conjunctivitis/Pinkeye
Published in Charles Theisler, Adjuvant Medical Care, 2023
Riboflavin: Riboflavin deficiency usually occurs with other B vitamin deficiencies. Symptoms and signs include conjunctivitis, sore throat, lesions of the lips and mucosa of the mouth, glossitis, seborrheic dermatitis, and normochromic-normocytic anemia.
Measuring and monitoring vital signs
Published in Nicola Neale, Joanne Sale, Developing Practical Nursing Skills, 2022
Respirations are normally effortless, and you should therefore observe whether breathing is difficult (termed dyspnoea). People with dyspnoea may use accessory muscles of respiration such as their neck and abdominal muscles. If Ken has a chest infection, he is likely to experience dyspnoea and this should be noted in his health action plan for future reference. People with dyspnoea often mouth breathe because there is less resistance to airflow through the mouth than the nose. Mouth breathing can lead to drying of the oral mucus membrane and so oral hygiene (discussed in Chapter 7) is essential.
High anticholinergic burden and hyposalivation and xerostomia in the elderly
Published in Acta Odontologica Scandinavica, 2023
Juuso Stenbäck, Antti Tiisanoja, Anna-Maija Syrjälä, Kaija Komulainen, Sirpa Hartikainen, Pekka Ylöstalo
In the older population, both an objectively measured low salivary secretion (hyposalivation) and a subjective feeling of dry mouth (xerostomia) are common conditions [9]. These conditions predispose people to poor oral health by increasing the risk for oral diseases, including dental caries [10]. Common causes for dry mouth are iatrogenic (drugs, radiation) and psychogenic (depression, anxiety) factors, general diseases (Sjögren’s syndrome, Parkinson’s disease), and dehydration [11,12]. Among older people, the main causes for dry mouth are thought to be aging, use of drugs, and polypharmacy (five or more drugs daily) [13,14]. More than 400 drugs (including anticholinergic drugs) have been considered to affect salivary secretion and a recent systematic review reported that 106 substances had at least moderate evidence of causing hyposalivation or xerostomia [5,15]. The mechanism by which anticholinergic drugs cause hyposalivation and xerostomia is by blocking muscarine receptors in the salivary glands [16].
Barriers and Facilitators to Adherence to a Mediterranean Diet Intervention during Chemotherapy Treatment: A Qualitative Analysis
Published in Nutrition and Cancer, 2023
Brianna I. Harvey, Shari M. Youngblood, Amber S. Kleckner
Despite our resource-intensive intervention, participants faced barriers to MedDiet adherence. A key barrier cited was the side effects from their chemotherapy treatments. Taste changes, fatigue, mouth sores, and lack of appetite were all disclosed as obstacles to adhere to the MedDiet. However, it is important to note that the presence of side effects and their intensity varied among our participants. Because the MedDiet encompasses many types of food, it can be tailored to account for some common side effects, such as removing hot/spicy seasonings for mouth sores and choosing different foods to accommodate changes in taste. Future studies and nutrition guidelines should take into account the chance of eating-related side effects, and how these can affect someone’s adherence. Additionally, one lesser mentioned barrier was the fact that participants had to account for preferences of family members when partaking in the MedDiet intervention. Two mentioned having a spouse or children who were picky eaters, and that negatively affected their adherence. The role of family support has been thoroughly researched, with many qualitative studies of lifestyle interventions finding that it can be both a facilitator with its presence and a barrier with its absence (46, 47). Nutrition professionals should inquire about patients’ family’s habits and preferences to tailor dietary recommendations.
Plant poisonings in Australia: a retrospective series of calls to the Queensland Poisons Information Centre
Published in Clinical Toxicology, 2023
Tamim Islam, Robert Knoeckel, Carol Wylie, Katherine Isoardi
Ingestions of the two most common plant species, Euphorbia spp. and Colocasia spp., leads to mucosal irritation and provokes similar symptoms through different physiological mechanisms. In Euphorbia spp., the sap is corrosive, whereas in Colocasia spp. the presence of calcium oxalate crystals directly harms local regions of the alimentary tract [15]. Symptoms include localised swelling, hypersalivation, vomiting, or burning pain in the lips, mouth, or tongue. More severe cases can cause airway swelling which may be life-threatening, although there were no cases in this series. Ocular exposure to the sap of Euphorbia spp. is the main cause of cases where medical referral was advised. Sequelae can include conjunctivitis, keratouveitis, and rarely, permanent blindness [9]. A single case of moderate toxicity following an ocular Euphorbia spp. exposure occurred in this series. Exposures involving medical referral may benefit from strategies to improve education and awareness of potential complications from Euphorbia spp. and Colocasia spp.