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General Thermography
Published in James Stewart Campbell, M. Nathaniel Mead, Human Medical Thermography, 2023
James Stewart Campbell, M. Nathaniel Mead
Sunburn involves a different damage mechanism, quite distinct from thermal burns. Thermal burns are caused by excess infrared (IR) exposure, which can penetrate deeply by conduction. Sunburn is caused by excess ultraviolet (UV) exposure, which does not penetrate the skin deeply or create much heat. UV exposure damages dermal cellular organelles and DNA, causing inflammation. Strong ultraviolet sources other than sunlight can also cause skin damage. Overexposure to a welding arc results in a type of UV burn that appears similar to sunburn, though the distribution over the skin is different. Like welder's burns, overexposure to UV reflecting off snow causes corneal photokeratitis (“snow blindness”) and can damage anatomy not usually affected by sunburn, such as the roof of the mouth or the interior of the nostrils.11
Fenugreek in Management of Immunological, Infectious, and Malignant Disorders
Published in Dilip Ghosh, Prasad Thakurdesai, Fenugreek, 2022
Rohini Pujari, Prasad Thakurdesai
Ultraviolet exposure and sunburn have proven vital in developing melanoma, the most dangerous type of skin cancer (Lopes et al. 2021; Park et al. 2020). Methanolic extract of fenugreek seed is reported to control the intracellular synthesis of melanin in murine melanoma B16F1 cells (Kawabata et al. 2011). B16 melanoma is a murine tumor cell line and established as a valuable model for studying human skin cancers, metastasis, and solid tumor formation. In the same study, the methanolic extract of fenugreek seed inhibited the formation of phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate-induced inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in cultured THP-1 cells (Kawabata et al. 2011). The THP-1 cells, a human leukemia monocytic cell line, has been extensively used to study immunological pathways and mechanisms, especially monocyte/macrophage functions, and has become a good in vitro model to evaluate anti-leukemia agents (Chanput, Mes, and Wichers 2014). These effects were attributed to the three active steroidal saponin glycosides phytoconstituents from fenugreek seed extracts (namely pseudoprotodioscin, 26- O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(25 R)-furost-5(6)-en-3 β,22 β,26-triol-3-O-α-L-rhamno-pyranosyl-(1”→2’)-O-[β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1”→6’)-O]-β-D-glucopyranoside and minutoside B) also demonstrated moderate anti-inflammatory effects (Kawabata et al. 2011),
March 2006–May 2007
Published in Kate Hayward, From Oncology Nursing to Coping with Breast Cancer, 2021
Use any skin cream as prescribed and preferably before treatment starts to prevent any sunburn-like effects. I was affected the most over the supraclavicular fossa area where I got an irritated red patch of peeling skin.
Tanning benefits, seasonal effects, and concerns about sunscreen: Measuring health beliefs about UV among college students
Published in Journal of American College Health, 2020
Anne K. Julian, Sheryl Thorburn, G. John Geldhof
Overall, we expect the HBAU will assist skin cancer prevention efforts. By measuring beliefs that legitimize intentional UV exposure as a health behavior, use of this scale may help identify individuals, groups, and geographic regions in need of additional education and prevention resources. The HBAU further has potential as a clinical tool to identify patients in need of sun safety counseling and information on health impacts of UV exposure. For example, the belief that getting a tan prior to vacation is protective is a motive for indoor tanning,42,54 but recent research indicates that indoor tanning increases risk of melanoma, independent of sunburn status.55 The student health setting may be an appropriate context to identify and address such beliefs, potentially in conjunction with mental health and dietary counseling or support. Thus, the HBAU offers both clinical and research potential.
Heat-related issues and practical applications for Paralympic athletes at Tokyo 2020
Published in Temperature, 2020
Katy E. Griggs, Ben T. Stephenson, Michael J. Price, Victoria L. Goosey-Tolfrey
Ensuring sufficient hydration to replace sweat and respiratory water losses is key for athletes, especially when training for competition in the heat. Self-monitoring hydration is commonly conducted through checking urine color and volume, to prevent dehydration and hence reduce the amount of thermoregulatory strain. However, for athletes with a visual impairment, this is extremely difficult. Thus, these athletes are likely to require assistance or another method for assessing hydration status. A number of visually impaired athletes also suffer from albinism and are therefore prone to sunburn when exposed to ambient conditions of high radiant load, due to the lack of skin pigmentation [55]. Sunburn has a direct local effect on sweat gland responsiveness and capacity limiting the thermoregulatory effector response, but also heightening thermal sensation [56]. Hence, reducing time in the sun and ensuring sun cream is applied frequently is crucial for these athletes. Current research is however inconclusive regarding the effect of sun cream on sweat production and evaporation [57–59].
Skin cancer awareness and sunscreen use among outpatients of a South African hospital: need for vigorous public education
Published in South African Family Practice, 2018
NC Dlova, R Gathers, J Tsoka-Gwegweni, RJ Hift
The benefits of sunscreen are not restricted to cancer prevention. Sunscreen may reduce wrinkling and photo damage, resulting in more even pigmentation. With age, darker skin types are more likely to demonstrate skin mottling and uneven skin pigmentation.18,19 Our results suggest a general lack of understanding of the link between light skin, propensity for sunburn, risk of melanoma and of the role of sun protection in ameliorating this risk. Though most white respondents are appropriately aware that regular use of sunscreen may prevent skin cancer and understand the concept of sun-protection factor, it is concerning that 41% have not understood that sunburn is a form of skin injury, and only 21% expressed an awareness of the need for regular use of sunscreen.