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Assessment – Nutrition-Focused Physical Exam to Detect Micronutrient Deficiencies
Published in Jennifer Doley, Mary J. Marian, Adult Malnutrition, 2023
Seborrheic dermatitis is a skin condition which causes scaly, crusty, red patches of skin which are mainly found on the scalp (see Figure 7.9). Potential micronutrient deficiencies include biotin, vitamin B6, riboflavin, EFA and vitamin A.7 Nasolabial seborrhea is characterized by redness and scaling around the nostrils (see Figure 7.10). Potential micronutrient deficiencies include vitamins B2, B3 and B6. A possible non-nutrient cause is tuberous sclerosis, a genetic condition.4
Seborrhea/Seborrheic Dermatitis/Dandruff
Published in Charles Theisler, Adjuvant Medical Care, 2023
Seborrheic dermatitis (SD), or dandruff, is a chronic noncontagious inflammatory skin disorder that affects millions of Americans of all ages. The condition causes a red, flaking skin rash that can have a swollen and greasy appearance especially in the folds of the skin. It chiefly affects areas of body where sebaceous glands are most prominent such as the scalp, face, sides of the nose, eyebrows, behind the ears, or on the eyelids. The ear canals and chest or armpits can also be involved. On top of that rash, white to yellowish crusty scales accumulate on the surface and flake off.1 Most individuals with seborrhea complain of itchy skin and dandruff where white flakes of dead skin fall off the scalp and onto the shoulders. It is a lifelong condition that comes and goes. Severe medical illnesses such as AIDS, Parkinson's disease, head injury, and stroke are associated with seborrheic dermatitis.1 When a baby gets seborrhea, it is called “cradle cap.”
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Published in Aalia Khan, Ramsey Jabbour, Almas Rehman, nMRCGP Applied Knowledge Test Study Guide, 2021
Aalia Khan, Ramsey Jabbour, Almas Rehman
The best treatment for scalp seborrhoeic dermatitis is: CalcipotriolKetoconazole shampooHydrocortisoneDithranolEmollients
Development of a new classification and scoring system for scalp conditions: Scalp Photographic Index (SPI)
Published in Journal of Dermatological Treatment, 2023
Bo Ri Kim, Seung Hyun Won, Jee Woo Kim, Minjae Kim, Jeong-Il Jeong, Jung-Won Shin, Chang-Hun Huh, Jung-Im Na
Scalp-related symptoms such as dandruff or pruritus are very common problems encountered in dermatological practice (1). These symptoms are commonly associated with various inflammatory scalp disorders, including seborrheic dermatitis, atopic dermatitis, and psoriasis. Even when the patients’ symptoms are similar, the underlying scalp conditions can be very different. For example, dandruff is considered as a Malassezia yeast-related condition and treated with antifungal agents; however, a recent study of 54 Koreans with dandruff found that nearly half of the subjects had sebum levels that were even lower than in healthy controls (2), suggesting a different pathophysiology between scalps with dry vs. oily dandruff. Classification of scalp conditions or types is important for personalized treatment with the increasing demand for better scalp health. However, to date, scalp evaluation has been mainly focused on hair loss (3,4), and there has been no systematic evaluation methods for scalp skin conditions. Although the Baumann skin type system is popular for classifying the types of glabrous skin, especially the facial skin, it has limitations when applied to the scalp (5).
Effect of oral administration of Triphala, a polyphenol-rich prebiotic, on scalp sebum in patients with scalp seborrhea a randomized clinical trial
Published in Journal of Dermatological Treatment, 2022
Elham Zareie, Parvin Mansouri, Hamed Hosseini, Omid Sadeghpour, Laila Shirbeigi, Someyeh Hejazi, Majid Emtiazy
Participants aged 14–50 years old complaining from scalp oiliness referred to the dermatology clinic of skin & stem cell research center-affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences. Participants’ self-assessment of the scalp greasiness scored as; 1 = mild, 2 = moderate, and 3 = severe. Based on medical history and physical examination, scalp oiliness was objectively confirmed by a trained physician. The volunteers also were assessed for eligibility by the same physician. Based on the exclusion criteria, all patients with symptoms or medical history of seborrheic dermatitis (based on seborrheic dermatitis recognized clinical criteria (30)) and those who had used systemic corticosteroids, antifungals, isotretinoin or contraceptives in the last 4 weeks were excluded. Moreover, anyone who had used topical corticosteroid or antifungal shampoos or solutions within the recent two weeks was excluded as well. Other exclusion criteria included those with a history of autoimmune diseases or any type of cancer, pregnancy, or breastfeeding conditions. All eligible participants signed the informed consent form after receiving detailed oral and written explanations about the study. We asked participants not to receive other anti-seborrhea managements and do not change their life style and existing diet while the study was carried out. All subjects were allowed to abandon the study at any time.
Dermatology for the internist: optimal diagnosis and management of atopic dermatitis
Published in Annals of Medicine, 2021
Shanthi Narla, Jonathan I. Silverberg
Seborrhoeic dermatitis (SD) generally appears on the scalp and face and much less commonly on the chest, back, axilla, and groin. SD can be associated with human immunodeficiency virus infection and neurologic disease, e.g. stroke, Parkinson’s disease. SD commonly presents in infants with thick white or yellow greasy scales on the scalp. In adolescents and adults, SD typically presents as flaky, greasy, red plaques on the scalp, nasolabial folds, ears, and eyebrows. SD is diagnosed clinically based on the lesion location and appearance. First-line SD treatment is topical antifungal agents [56].