China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Fungal Infections
Published in Ayşe Serap Karadağ, Lawrence Charles Parish, Jordan V. Wang, Roxburgh's Common Skin Diseases, 2022
Uwe Wollina, Pietro Nenoff, Shyam Verma, Uta-Christina Hipler
Treatment: Delayed treatment of deep follicular ringworm of the scalp can lead to scarring alopecia. Treatment has to be systemic, and topical antifungal preparations should not be used. Terbinafine is effective against Trichophyton spp., itraconacole and griseofulvin are more effective against Microsporum spp./Nannizzia spp. The initial treatment should be prescribed for at least 4 weeks.
Aetiology and Laboratory Diagnosis
Published in Raimo E Suhonen, Rodney P R Dawber, David H Ellis, Fungal Infections of the Skin, Hair and Nails, 2020
Raimo E Suhonen, Rodney P R Dawber, David H Ellis
Microsporum gypseum is a geophilic fungus with a worldwide distribution that may cause infections in animals and humans, particularly children and rural workers during warm humid weather. It usually produces a single inflammatory skin or scalp lesion. Invaded hairs show an ectothrix infection but do not fluoresce under Wood’s ultraviolet light. Key features include distinctive macroconidia and culture characteristics (Figure 1.3(a) and (b)).
Dermatophytes
Published in Rossana de Aguiar Cordeiro, Pocket Guide to Mycological Diagnosis, 2019
Germana Costa Paixão, Marcos Fábio Gadelha Rocha, Débora de Souza Colares Maia Castelo-Branco, Raimunda Sâmia Nogueira Brilhante, José Júlio Costa Sidrim
The genus Microsporum is often suspected when observing suggestive dermatophyte colonies where only sterile hyphae are present. In this situation, the fungus in question should be immediately transferred to rice agar and observed for the appearance of fructification structures, which generally takes 6–10 days.
The antifungal pipeline for invasive fungal diseases: what does the future hold?
Published in Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy, 2023
Chin Fen Neoh, Wirawan Jeong, David CM Kong, Monica A Slavin
Olorofim has potent in vitro activity against Coccidioides immitis and C. posadasii (Figure 2) and was shown to be efficacious in murine model of cerebral coccidioidomycosis infected by C. immitis [89]. It also exhibited good in vitro activity against other fungi including Rasamsonia argillacea species complex, Metarrhizium anisopliae, Pleurostomophora richardsiae, Talaromyces marneffei, Sarocladium kiliense, Penicillium spp., Scopulariopsis spp., Ramularia spp., Epidermophyton floccosum, Trichophyton spp., Microsporum spp. and Madurella mycetomatis, but has marginal activity against Phialemonium curvatum and Phaeoacremonium parasiticum [64,73,84,90–96].
Emerging drugs for the treatment of onychomycosis
Published in Expert Opinion on Emerging Drugs, 2019
NB-002 is an oil-in-water emulsion that has uses in the treatment of skin, hair, and nail mycoses. In a study by Pannu et al., it consistently displayed fungicidal activity against common dermatophytes like T. rubrum, T. mentagrophytes, E. flocossum, and Microsporum spp. Some notable properties of NB-002 were that it successfully eliminated azole-resistant isolates and susceptible isolates, which is common among Candida spp. due to lanosterol 14α-demethylase gene mutations. Additionally, amongst the tested antifungal agents, it was the only one that eradicated both mycelia and microconidia and did so rapidly, even on dormant fungal cell forms. This is in contrast to comparator agents, which require the cells to be actively growing in order to inhibit their metabolism [47].
Development of a new synthetic xerogel nanoparticles of silver and zinc oxide against causative agents of dermatophytoses
Published in Journal of Dermatological Treatment, 2019
Ali Abdul Hussein S. Al-Janabi, Abass M. Bashi
Dermatophytes, a very special group of fungi, including three genera: Trichophyton spp., Microsporum spp., and Epidermophyton spp. (1). They often cause a superficial skin disease called dermatophytoses or tinea on different parts of the human body (1,2). Several types of antifungal agents are commonly used for treatment of this type of infection. Synthesis of some of these agents in nanoparticles size is suggested to increase their antifungal effects. Silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) are considered one of the most important antimicrobial molecules. Although antidermatophytic activity is less than some of antifungal agents such as griseofulvin, Ag-NPs in pure form or in combination with other compounds revealed effective action against several species of dermatophytes (3–5), which may be higher than other antifungal agents such as with fluconazole (3,5). Moreover, curative ability of Ag-NPs against dermatophytoses is also proved by many studies (6,7). Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) are another antifungal agents that have ability to inhibit several types of fungi (8–10). It revealed potent effects against dermatophytes after direct exposure to it or its preparations (11–14). Gel preparation of Ag-NPs or ZnO-NPs showed an active effect against several types of fungi such as Candida lusitaniae and Aspergillus niger (15,16).