China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Atherosclerosis, Arteriolosclerosis and Vasculitis
Published in Jeremy R. Jass, Understanding Pathology, 2020
Arteriolosclerosis is a hyaline (glassy eosinophilic) thickening of the walls of arterioles that is age related but more severe and generalised in hypertensive subjects. Hypertension may be caused by a variety of hormone-secreting tumours, chronic renal diseases and vascular disorders including renal artery stenosis and polyarteritis nodosa. However, the essential cause is unknown in the vast majority of cases, although it is almost certainly polygenic (due to the interaction of several genes and environmental influences). The main complication of hypertension is accelerated atherogenesis leading to the outcomes described above. The major clinical sequelae are hemorrhagic stroke, aortic aneurysm and hypertensive and ischaemic heart disease.
Radiology of Interstitial Lung Disease in Children
Published in Lourdes R. Laraya-Cuasay, Walter T. Hughes, Interstitial Lung Diseases in Children, 2019
Fredric A. Hoffer, John A. Kirkpatrick
Although hyaline membrane disease is the disease most commonly affecting premature infants, it is truly not an interstitial disease but its complications do involve the interstitium of the lung. In the presence of hypoxia, the ductus arteriosus often reopens or fails to close. Interstitial pulmonary edema and cardiac failure due to shunting through the patent ductus arteriosus are common complications of hyaline membrane disease. The radiographic pattern is characterized by a perihilar perivascular haze which may progress to cause an indistinctness of all the vessels in the lung (Figure 3).
Uterine Myoma
Published in Juan Luis Alcázar, María Ángela Pascual, Stefano Guerriero, Ultrasound of Pelvic Pain in the Non-Pregnant Female, 2019
Stefano Guerriero, Silvia Ajossa, Alba Piras, Eleonora Musa, Virginia Zanda, Valerio Mais, Anna Maria Paoletti
The natural history of fibroids includes degeneration, which occurs generally in cases of rapid growth when the blood supply is not sufficient. We can distinguish the following types of myoma degeneration: Red degeneration (in almost two-thirds of all myomas), which is caused by acute infarction of the lesion, typical of pregnancy.Hyaline degeneration (which occurs in about 65% of myomas), characterized by the substitution of the degenerated tissue with fibrous tissue.Myxomatous degeneration (in 15% of the cases).Calcification, in 10% of the cases.Cystic and fatty degeneration, rare.Malignant degeneration, which occurs in less than 1/1000 cases.3
Development of a New Model of Humeral Hemiarthroplasty in Rats
Published in Journal of Investigative Surgery, 2023
Efi Kazum, Eran Maman, Zachary T. Sharfman, Reut Wengier, Osnat Sher, Amal Khoury, Ofir Chechik, Oleg Dolkart
At 24 weeks post prosthesis implantation, histologic evaluation demonstrated severe arthritic changes in the implanted rat shoulders as compared to normal controls. H&E staining analysis of cartilage from a normal rat shoulder presented a well-preserved morphological structure with no signs of cartilage degradation. Subchondral bone and tidemark integrity were well seen. Furthermore, the surface of healthy hyaline cartilage appears white, shiny, elastic and firm (Figure 3A, B). Severe articular destruction was noted in all specimens. Severe OA cartilage demonstrated deep surface clefts, disappearance of cells from the tangential zone, cloning, and a lack of cells in the intermediate and radial zones, which are not arranged in columns. Implanted shoulders revealed loss of safranin-O staining as well as a loss of tidemark integrity (Figure 3C, D).
Prognostic value of the 7-year protocol biopsy of adult kidney allografts: impact of mesangiosclerosis and proteinuria
Published in Renal Failure, 2023
Yoshihiro Itabashi, Hideyo Oguchi, Tetuo Mikami, Noriyuki Kounoue, Taichi Arai, Kazunobu Shinoda, Masaki Muramatsu, Seiichiro Shishido, Ken Sakai
The histological specimens were evaluated using light microscopy in accordance with the Banff 2015 classification [6]. The Banff double counter (cg) score was diagnosed using light microscopy, although the recent Banff classification states that the evaluation should be done using electron microscopy [8]. The Banff score was evaluated in an unblinded manner by one nephrologist (HO) and one pathologist (TM). We defined acute/chronic active pathological antibody-mediated rejection (ABMR) as a light microscopic specimen that histologically met the Banff criteria regardless of the presence of donor-specific anti-HLA antibody (DSA), based on our previous report [9]. We defined ‘IgA deposition’ as IgA positivity not accompanied by urinary abnormalities, and defined ‘IgA nephropathy’ as IgA positivity accompanied by urinary abnormalities, based on the previous report [10]. Arteriolar hyalinosis was diagnosed based on arteriolar hyalinosis (ah)≥2 or hyaline arteriolar thickening (aah)≥2 without histological evidence of ABMR, IgA deposition, IgA nephropathy, or diabetic nephropathy. Diabetic nephropathy was defined as the presence of diabetes and pathological features, as previously reported [11].
Histological findings in resected leiomyomas following MR-HIFU treatment, single-institution data from seven patients with unfavorable focal therapy
Published in International Journal of Hyperthermia, 2023
Antti Viitala, Michael Gabriel, Kirsi Joronen, Gaber Komar, Antti Perheentupa, Teija Sainio, Jutta Huvila, Pekka Pikander, Pekka Taimen, Roberto Blanco Sequeiros
In the present study, we report on the histological and radiological findings of seven HIFU-treated leiomyomas with insufficient primary outcomes leading to second-line surgical treatment. The median post-treatment NPV% of reported cases was lower than those typical for HIFU patients at our clinic [46], which is consistent with findings that the re-intervention rate increases when NPV% decreases [42]. Histological samples of remaining leiomyoma tissue after treatment had heterogeneous characteristics. In particular, the collagen% varied considerably between patients, which could impact ultrasound absorption, tissue heating and post-treatment processes of clearing tissue debris. It is unclear whether the hyaline degeneration observed in case 1 was preexisting. Case 4 had exceedingly high cellularity and perfusion, which explains both the poor heating and rapid tissue healing post-treatment.