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Lower Limb Muscles
Published in Eve K. Boyle, Vondel S. E. Mahon, Rui Diogo, Handbook of Muscle Variations and Anomalies in Humans, 2022
Eve K. Boyle, Vondel S. E. Mahon, Rui Diogo, Malynda Williams
Semitendinosus is one of the three hamstring muscles (Standring 2016). It originates via a tendon from the ischial tuberosity (Standring 2016). Its tendon inserts onto the medial aspect of the proximal tibia (Standring 2016). It joins with the tendon of gracilis upon insertion and has an expansion to the deep fascia of the leg and the medial head of gastrocnemius (Standring 2016).
Soft Tissue Surgery of the Knee
Published in Timothy W R Briggs, Jonathan Miles, William Aston, Heledd Havard, Daud TS Chou, Operative Orthopaedics, 2020
Stephen Key, Jonathan Miles, Richard Carrington
The procedure can be performed through multiple smaller incisions but the full approach is described here. A curved medial longitudinal incision is made from the medial epicondyle to medial tibia about 6–7 cm below the joint line. Dissection is continued down to the sartorial fascia, which is incised in line with the skin incision, taking care not to damage the hamstring tendons. The semitendinosus tendon is harvested as per ACL reconstruction. The remaining native MCL is identified deep to the sartorial fascia and pes anserinus.
A to Z Entries
Published in Clare E. Milner, Functional Anatomy for Sport and Exercise, 2019
The posterior femoral muscles, also known as the hamstrings, cross the back of both the knee and the hip. Biceps femoris extends the hip and flexes and externally rotates the knee. Semitendinosus also extends the hip and flexes the knee. Additionally, it contributes to internal rotation at the knee. Semimembranosus extends the hip and flexes and internally rotates the knee.
Effects of backrest and seat-pan inclination of tractor seat on biomechanical characteristics of lumbar, abdomen, leg and spine
Published in Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering, 2023
Qichao Wang, Yihuan Huo, Zheng Xu, Wenjie Zhang, Yujun Shang, Hongmei Xu
In this study, the muscles with high activities, including gluteus maximus, semitendinosus, Rectus femoris, iliopsoas, vastus lateralis and sartorius, were analyzed, and those muscles with low activities or small muscle tissues were not taken into account. Gluteus maximus has a wide and thick quadrilateral shape, and mainly drives the extension and external rotation of the thigh. Semitendinosus is located at the back of the thigh and helps the extension of the hip joint and bending of the knee joint. Rectus femoris is located in the front of the thigh, whose main function is to extend the knee joint and bend the thigh. Iliopsoas is composed of psoas major muscle and iliacus, which is mainly responsible for the external rotation of the thigh and forward flexion of the pelvis and trunk. The sartorius is flat and banded, and is one of the longest in the leg muscles, starting from the anterior superior iliac spine, passing through the inner side of the knee joint, and finally to the inner side of the upper end of the tibia. The main function of sartorius is for the bending of the hip and knee.
Dry needling for the treatment of muscle spasticity in a patient with multiple sclerosis: a case report
Published in Physiotherapy Theory and Practice, 2022
Maede Khalifeloo, Soofia Naghdi, Noureddin Nakhostin Ansari, Jan Dommerholt, Mohammad Ali Sahraian
An experienced physiotherapist delivered DN using disposable sterilized steel needles (0.3 × 50 mm; DongBang AcuPrime Ltd, Korea). The patient was positioned in prone. The hips and knees were in extension, and the head was in the mid-position. The long head of the biceps femoris and the semitendinosus muscles were needled. The approximate point needled for the long head of biceps is the point in the middle of the line between the ischial tuberosity and the apex of the fibular head. The midpoint of the line between the ischial tuberosity and the medial epicondyle of the tibia is considered to be the approximate location of the motor point of the semitendinosus muscle (Alaei et al., 2020; Ansari et al., 2020). One minute of deep DN with the fast in-out cone-shaped pattern (Alaei et al., 2020; Ansari et al., 2020, 2015; Fakhari et al., 2017) was administered to each point. One session of dry needling was applied (Ansari et al., 2015; Fakhari et al., 2017).
Influence of hip and knee positions on gluteus maximus and hamstrings contributions to hip extension torque production
Published in Physiotherapy Theory and Practice, 2022
Jia Liu, Hsiang-Ling Teng, David M. Selkowitz, Skulpan Asavasopon, Christopher M. Powers
Several limitations need to be considered when interpreting the results of this study. First, participants were young and healthy adults with normal muscle activation capability. Caution is needed when generalizing the results of this study to specific patient populations. Second, a generic musculoskeletal model, which has generic values for muscle length-tension properties, physiological cross-section areas, pennation angles, and moment arms, was used to calculate individual muscle torque contribution values. Individual muscle torque contributed will vary from person to person based on subject specific muscle characteristics especially physiological cross-sectional area. Third, we only evaluated 4 strength testing positions in this study. Although the 4 positions evaluated are commonly used clinically, other positions may elicit more optimal torque contribution values for both the gluteus maximus and hamstring muscles. Lastly, EMG obtained from the semitendinosus was used to be representative of the hamstring muscle group. Although this premise may be valid for maximum isometric contractions under certain conditions, this assumption has not been confirmed for each of the hip/knee position combinations evaluated in the current study. Whether or not our generalization of semitendinosus EMG to the other hamstrings muscles would have resulted in higher or lower hamstring muscle torque contribution values remains to be seen.