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Functional Rehabilitation
Published in James Crossley, Functional Exercise and Rehabilitation, 2021
In conventional rehabilitation, exercises are prescribed to isolate specific injured tissues without consideration for how those tissues will be loaded within function. For example, a client may strain a hamstring. A conventional approach to treating this injury may be to load the hamstring using a Leg-Curl machine. The client would sit and pull the heel towards the backside against a resistance. The Leg-Curl loads the hamstring, stimulating repair, but in a manner that fails to reflect how tissues will absorb load during function. Scar tissues stimulated this way may not repair in a manner relevant to function, increasing the risk of re-injury.
Soft Tissue Surgery of the Knee
Published in Timothy W R Briggs, Jonathan Miles, William Aston, Heledd Havard, Daud TS Chou, Operative Orthopaedics, 2020
Stephen Key, Jonathan Miles, Richard Carrington
The patient remains non-weightbearing for the first 6 weeks, gradually increasing to full weightbearing thereafter. A static PCL brace (with a bolster behind the calf) in extension is used for the first 2 weeks before transitioning to a dynamic PCL brace to be worn at all times initially. Isometric quads activity is allowed immediately, and prone passive flexion is allowed once in the dynamic brace, limited to 90° for the first 6 weeks. From 6 to 12 weeks full passive range of motion is allowed, along with more intense quads strengthening, but weightbearing flexion remains restricted to 70°. After 12 weeks weightbearing flexion can increase and the brace can be weaned off, aiming for removal after about 4 months. Strengthening continues, allowing isolated hamstring activity at this time, followed by running and agility exercises after 5–6 months and a goal-directed sports-specific exercise programme with eventual return to sport after about 9 months.
Mechanisms underlying acute changes in range of motion
Published in David G. Behm, The Science and Physiology of Flexibility and Stretching, 2018
It is, in fact, possible that stretch-induced reflex interneuron inhibition might affect not only the muscles being stretched but also distant or non-local muscles. There are a few studies that have demonstrated that stretching the hamstrings unilaterally (only one side of the body) will improve ROM of the contralateral (opposite side) hamstrings (34). Our lab has also shown that static or dynamic stretching of the shoulders will increase ROM of the hamstrings, whereas stretching the hip adductor (groin) muscles increased the flexibility of the shoulders (35). This research could be crucial evidence for the pervasive effects of stretch-induced neural inhibition that acts globally on the body.
The effect of abdominal massage and stretching exercise on pain and dysmenorrhea symptoms in female university students: A single-blind randomized-controlled clinical trial
Published in Health Care for Women International, 2023
Nazan Ozturk, Emine Gerçek Öter, Meryem Kürek Eken
Each student included in the exercise group was interviewed on different days and times and information about stretching exercises was given. Stretching exercise was shown to each student individually by the researcher. The researcher was asked to carefully follow the exercises shown by the researcher. Each student was asked to apply it on their own body to see if they did the massage correctly. Stretching exercises consisted of stretching the hamstring, lumbar extensors, and hip flexor muscles. The students in the EG were instructed to perform stretching exercises including the pelvic and lumbar regions, three times a day on the first 3 days of the menstrual cycle for two months. Participants were asked to perform the stretching exercises on all three regions with 10 repetitions.
The relationship between eccentric hamstring strength and dynamic stability in elite academy footballers
Published in Science and Medicine in Football, 2021
David Rhodes, Josh Jeffrey, Joe Maden-Wilkinson, Antony Reedy, Erin Morehead, John Kiely, Daniel Birdsall, Chris Carling, Jill Alexander
Research has focussed on eccentric hamstring strengthening interventions to decrease injury occurrence in the hamstrings and the knee (Petersen et al. 2011). This experimental paradigm fails to consider the effect of functional training on other aetiological factors associated with injury, such as dynamic stability. It also fails to contemplate the multifactorial nature of sustaining these injuries (Opar et al. 2013). The aim of the current study is therefore to establish whether a relationship exists between eccentric strength and stability performance. Establishing this relationship would inform the design of conditioning protocols implemented to reduce injury risk in athletes. It was hypothesised that high eccentric strength measures would relate to low dynamic stability scores. In consideration of the specific nature of the evidence base in regards to injury epidemiology, a population of elite youth soccer players took part in the current study.
Cross-cultural adaptation, translation, and validation of the functional assessment scale for acute hamstring injuries (FASH) questionnaire for French-speaking patients
Published in Disability and Rehabilitation, 2020
Médéa Locquet, Tom Willems, Clément Specque, Charlotte Beaudart, Olivier Bruyère, Julien Van Beveren, Nadia Dardenne, Jean-Yves Reginster, Jean-François Kaux
However, despite its high prevalence, hamstring muscle injury is a pathology that is still poorly understood: it is difficult to distinguish the set of factors related to the occurrence of the lesion, and it is even more complex to determine if they are a cause or a consequence. There is therefore a need to develop valid and specific measurement tools to enable a more precise assessment of not only the severity of the lesion but also its evolution until return to sports practice. There are some questionnaires dealing with hamstring injuries, but which focus on a very specific pathology of the entity [7]. Based on these statements, the Functional Assessment Scale for Acute Hamstring Injuries (FASH) was developed and validated in 2014, which measures hamstring muscle injury severity and its impact on physical function and sports ability to develop specific rehabilitation programs or to assess the treatment efficacy after hamstring injuries [8]. The FASH questionnaire consists of a set of 10 items that assess the symptoms, severity and loss of physical function in patients with hamstring muscle injury. Each item is scored on a 10-point Likert scale. The maximum possible score is 100 points, representing an individual in perfect health. It is currently the only hamstring muscle injury-specific questionnaire and was initially developed in English [8] and Greek [8] and, after, adapted to German [9].