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Congenital Dislocation of the Knee
Published in Benjamin Joseph, Selvadurai Nayagam, Randall T Loder, Anjali Benjamin Daniel, Essential Paediatric Orthopaedic Decision Making, 2022
Avoid complications of treatment Fracture of the femur or tibiaInstability of the knee
Questions 1–20
Published in Anna Kowalewski, SBAs and EMQs in Surgery for Medical Students, 2021
A twisting mechanism of injury is likely to cause a spiral fracture when part of the bone is unable to move (e.g. when it is strapped in a ski boot). Note that over the anterior and medial tibia, the skin and subcutaneous tissue is very thin and thus a great number of tibial fractures are open fractures.
Knee Pain
Published in Benjamin Apichai, Chinese Medicine for Lower Body Pain, 2021
The lower leg is made up of two bones, the tibia and fibula. The fibula is the slender one and posterolaterally situated to the tibia. It is a non-weight-bearing bone. These two bones are connected at two locations: Proximal tibiofibular joint—the fibula articulates with the inferior aspect of the lateral tibial condyle. It is supported by a tense joint capsule; the capsule attaches to the tibia and fibula at the margin of the articular surface and is reinforced anteriorly by the biceps femoris tendon insertion into the fibular capitulum, posteriorly by the popliteus tendon, superiorly by the lateral collateral ligament, and inferiorly by the interosseous membrane.Distal tibiofibular joint—the fibula articulates with the fibular notch of the tibia.
Distribution and risk factors for stress fractures in competitive figure skaters and association with acute fractures
Published in The Physician and Sportsmedicine, 2023
Thomas Andrew Naylor, Samuel Naylor
Like previous studies, a high rate of tibia, ankle, and foot fractures was demonstrated. However, there were also much higher rates of upper limb and back injuries reported than expected as this is an area not previously highlighted [1,4,9,15]. A recent study did identify that female skaters are at risk of lower back injuries, although not specifically lumbar stress fractures [16]. Back injuries are known to be a site of frequent injury in gymnastics [17] and more recently figure skaters are expected to demonstrate greater flexibility, especially in spinal flexion and extension, which may be related to increased injury rate. It is worth noting that ice dancers, who do not perform jump elements, also reported similarly high rates of stress fractures when compared to other disciplines, therefore the causative factor cannot be isolated as jumping/falling.
Effects of Bone-Plate Material on the Predicted Stresses in the Tibial Shaft Comminuted Fractures: A Finite Element Analysis
Published in Journal of Investigative Surgery, 2022
We used a medium-sized, left, fourth-generation synthetic tibia (Sawbones; Model 3401, Pacific Research Labs Inc., Vashon, WA). The left tibia was CT-scanned at 0.5 mm transverse resolution in 0.5 mm increments. The geometry of the tibial and medullary canal surfaces was modeled based on sequential cross sections extracted using Mimics Innovation software (version 17.0, Materialize, Leuven, Belgium), with a smoothing process to correct the 3 D tibial surface. The model differentiated cortical and cancellous bone and included an intra-medullary canal. The linear elastic isotropic material properties of the tibia were assigned according to the previous article [32]. Young’s modulus was set at 13.4 GPa for cortical bone and 800 MPa for cancellous bone. A Poisson ratio of 0.3 was assigned for both bone tissue types [32]. All bone regions and fixation devices were considered to be rigid bodies. A comminuted fracture created by transversely removing a 1 cm bone segment in the middle of the tibia was investigated [33].
Quantitative peripheral computed tomography to measure muscle area and assess lean soft tissue mass in children
Published in Annals of Human Biology, 2021
Diana Paola Córdoba-Rodríguez, Iris Iglesia, Alejandro Gomez-Bruton, María L Miguel-Berges, Paloma Flores-Barrantes, José Antonio Casajús, Luis A. Moreno, Gerardo Rodríguez
The LSTM (kg) was determined from a whole-body scan using a DXA QDR-Explorer™ 4500 (Hologic Inc., Bedford, MA). During the measurement, the subjects wore minimum clothing and no jewellery or metal objects. The participants were placed in a supine position in the centre of the examination field, their head in the neutral position, and arms extended without touching the trunk (Ramos et al. 2012; Hangartner et al. 2013; Crabtree and Kent 2016). During the scan, the participant was asked to not speak or move. The ROIs were determined based on the Paediatric Hologic Corp. version 12.4 software (Marlborough, MA). The “total left leg region” was included as the area of all the leg muscles between the foot and full leg to an inclined line that passes just below the pelvis and crosses the femur’s neck (Gómez-Bruton et al. 2014) (Figure 1). We evaluated the “left lower leg region” as the area of all the lower leg muscles between the highest point of the lateral border of the tibia head and the lowest lateral point of the tibia (Figure 1). We obtained the LSTM (kg), FM (kg), and BMC (g) of the whole body, total left leg, and left lower leg. All the measurements were made after calibration, according to the manufacturer’s instructions.