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Arthroscopic hip preservation surgery
Published in K. Mohan Iyer, Hip Preservation Techniques, 2019
Femoroacetabular impingement, acetabular labrum, and articular cartilage pathology constitute the majority of the conditions that can be managed preserving the hip joint. The acetabular labrum is a fibrocartilaginous tissue attached to the rim of the acetabulum and continues as the transverse acetabular ligament inferiorly bridging the cotyloid fossa. The labrum increases the depth, surface area, volume, congruity, and stability of the hip joint. The labrum adds 33% to the acetabular volume and contributes an average of 22% to articulating surface area.3 It provides a seal around the osseous acetabulum and femoral head. This fluid seal produces a negative intra-articular pressure, significantly adding to hip joint stability.4
Advances in Adult Dysplasia
Published in K. Mohan Iyer, Hip Joint in Adults: Advances and Developments, 2018
A tear of the labrum has several biomechanical insults. In addition to a decrease in joint stability, it reduces the sealing effect of the labrum, which compromises the amount of lubrication and distribution of the joint force [38,39]. The importance of the labrum is such that Klaue et al. [40] consider labral ruptures as the precursor of OA in HD. Both reasons justify the cause of premature failure of arthroscopic labral debridement [39]. A degenerated labrum can get ganglion cysts or suffer from stress rim fracture, which is called os acetabular [40].
Shoulder girdle and proximal humerus
Published in Sebastian Dawson-Bowling, Pramod Achan, Timothy Briggs, Manoj Ramachandran, Stephen Key, Daud Chou, Orthopaedic Trauma, 2014
Prakash Jayakumar, Livio Di Mascio
Glenoid labrum – the labrum is a cartilaginous ring forming a tight perimeter on the glenoid rim. It deepens the fossa, thereby providing an attachment for synovial-capsuloligamentous structures and a constraint to humeral head translation. Negative intra-articular pressure – a vacuum-suction effect is exerted on the humeral head within the glenoid fossa. Glenohumeral and coracohumeral ligaments – the superior (SGHL), inferior (IGHL) and middle (MGHL) glenohumeral ligaments are contiguous with the joint capsule. The main restraint against anterior translation in abduction and external rotation is provided by the IGHL. The main restraint against posterior translation is provided by the SGHL, coracohumeral ligament and posterior portion of the IGHL.
Minimally invasive capillary blood sampling methods
Published in Expert Review of Medical Devices, 2023
Michael S. F. Hoffman, James W. McKeage, Jiali Xu, Bryan P. Ruddy, Poul M. F. Nielsen, Andrew J. Taberner
There has been significant research effort recently to improve the ease and comfort of penetration, including the design of microneedles for blood extraction inspired by arthropods, especially mosquitoes. The proboscis of a mosquito consists of a central labrum that pierces into the skin and a surrounding labium that provides lateral support. The labrum is comprised of multiple elements that move individually at different phases, producing vibratory reciprocating motions which advance incrementally in the tissue [57,58]. Micro-actuators have been developed in order to mimic the penetration of a mosquito’s proboscis [59]. Fabrication of structures emulating the labrum and surrounding structures has been demonstrated [60]. Work remains to be done to reinforce the structures to avoid buckling when attempting to pierce human skin.
Desmoid fibromatosis presenting as lateral hip pain in an outpatient physical therapy clinic: A case report
Published in Physiotherapy Theory and Practice, 2023
Kelli Wrolstad, John J Mischke, Audrey RC Elias
The location of pain was not typical with that commonly seen in patients with acetabular labral tear since the vast majority of acetabular labrum tears are associated with anterior hip or groin pain (Cheatham, Enseki, and Kolber, 2016; Groh and Herrera, 2009; Reiman and Thorborg, 2014). In fact, Hamula et al. (2020) found only 6.7% of subjects with labral tears had pain isolated to the lateral hip region. Thus, the isolated lateral location of her hip pain that occasionally extended distally to the calf would be uncommon compared to the typical presentation of a labral tear. Labral tears commonly present with mechanical symptoms such as clicking, locking, catching, or giving way (Cheatham, Enseki, and Kolber, 2016; Groh and Herrera, 2009), none of which the patient had experienced. Patients with labral tears also frequently experience pain reproduction during combined passive flexion, adduction, and internal rotation due to increased strain on the labrum (Reiman, Mather, Hash, and Cook, 2014). The patient demonstrated restrictions in those motions, but also total loss of external rotation with a firm end-feel, which is not expected with a labral tear. Thus, the location of pain, limited external rotation, mechanism of injury, as well as the severe nature of her pain was inconsistent with a typical presentation of an acetabular labral lesion.
Longitudinal assessments of strength and dynamic balance from pre-injury baseline to 3 and 4 months after labrum repairs in collegiate athletes
Published in Physiotherapy Theory and Practice, 2022
Ling Li, Brenna K. McGuinness, Jacob S. Layer, Yu Song, Megan A. Jensen, Boyi Dai
The glenoid labrum is a fibrous rim that surrounds the glenoid cavity to stabilize the glenohumeral joint. Certain labrum injuries may require surgical repairs for specific populations (Dodson and Altchek, 2009). In the general population, the superior labrum from anterior to posterior (SLAP) repairs represent approximately 9.4% of total shoulder surgeries (Weber, Martin, Seiler, and Harrast, 2012). In National Collegiate Athletics Association (NCAA) athletes, SLAP tears and other non-SLAP labrum tears are the two upper extremity injuries mostly requiring surgical treatment (Gil, Goodman, DeFroda, and Owens, 2018). SLAP tears comprise over 17% of shoulder surgeries, while non-SLAP labrum tears are a portion of surgical treatment to shoulder instability that makes up more than 60% of shoulder surgeries (Gil, Goodman, DeFroda, and Owens, 2018).