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Examination of Pediatric Shoulder
Published in Nirmal Raj Gopinathan, Clinical Orthopedic Examination of a Child, 2021
Palpate the spine and medial border of the scapula. Also, palpate the trapezius muscle and the rhomboids and at the inferior scapular angle, the latissimus dorsi. Palpate the serratus anterior along the lateral scapular border. Also, palpate the supraspinatus and infraspinatus fossae and the cervical and thoracic spinous processes.
Surgery of the Shoulder
Published in Timothy W R Briggs, Jonathan Miles, William Aston, Heledd Havard, Daud TS Chou, Operative Orthopaedics, 2020
Nick Aresti, Omar Haddo, Mark Falworth
It is very important to identify and draw on the landmarks of the shoulder, particularly given the difficulty in identifying them once it has swollen with fluid. These landmarks should include Spine of the scapula.Acromion – the posterolateral corner, lateral acromion, and anterolateral corners.Supraclavicular fossa.Distal clavicle and acromioclavicular joint (ACJ).Tip of the coracoid.A line from the anterolateral corner of the acromion heading towards the upper arm signifies the position of the long head of the biceps tendon.Lateral orientation line, which aids in the placement of a lateral portal.
Orthopaedic Emergencies
Published in Anthony FT Brown, Michael D Cadogan, Emergency Medicine, 2020
Anthony FT Brown, Michael D Cadogan
Manage the majority of isolated undisplaced scapula fractures that do not involve the glenohumeral articular surface with ice, sling immobilization, oral analgesics, and early range of motion exercises. Refer to the next fracture clinic.
Live and video observations of scapular dyskinesis in individuals with nonspecific neck pain: A reliability study
Published in Physiotherapy Theory and Practice, 2023
Nipaporn Wannaprom, Supatcha Konghakote, Rungtawan Chaikla, Sureeporn Uthaikhup
Altered scapular orientation and motion, termed scapular dyskinesis, have been demonstrated to be associated with neck pain (Alshami and AlSadiq, 2021; Castelein, Cools, Parlevliet, and Cagnie, 2016; Yildiz, Cools, and Duzgun, 2019; Zabihhosseinian et al., 2017). The scapulae and the cervical spine are linked through the axioscapular muscles (i.e. levator scapulae and upper trapezius muscles) (Johnson et al., 2008). It has been suggested that scapular dyskinesis caused by overactivity and/or weakness of the axioscapular muscles can induce compressive mechanical loading on the cervical spine, resulting neck pain and/or limited cervical range of motion (Behrsin and Maguire, 1986; Van Dillen, McDonnell, Susco, and Sahrmann, 2007). Nonetheless, scapular dyskinesis does not necessarily occur in every patient with neck pain (Castelein, Cools, Parlevliet, and Cagnie, 2016). Thus in clinical practice, assessment of scapular dyskinesis should be included as part of comprehensive examination in patients with neck pain (Cagnie et al., 2014).
Feasibility and significance of stimulating interscapular muscles using transcutaneous functional electrical stimulation in able-bodied individuals
Published in The Journal of Spinal Cord Medicine, 2021
Naaz Kapadia, Bastien Moineau, Melissa Marquez-Chin, Matthew Myers, Kai Lon Fok, Kei Masani, Cesar Marquez-Chin, Milos R. Popovic
Arm elevation movements in both the frontal and sagittal planes are complex ones and involve the recruitment of various glenohumeral and scapular muscles. The deep rotator cuff muscles play an important role in glenohumeral joint compression and offsetting the superior translatory force of the deltoid during arm elevation.12 The scapular muscles are responsible for optimal scapular positioning during different phases of arm elevation. The movement of the scapula on the thorax is essential for normal function of the upper extremity.18 Among the muscles that surround and attach to the scapula, the upper trapezius (UT), the lower trapezius (LT), and the serratus anterior (SA) muscles are believed to be important for scapulothoracic motion.19 Ebaugh et al. found that the LT, UT, and SA muscles play an important role in producing scapular upward rotation, especially throughout the mid-range of arm elevation.20
Did the prevalence of suprascapular neuropathy in professional volleyball players decrease with the changes occurred in serving technique?
Published in The Physician and Sportsmedicine, 2021
Daniele Mazza, Raffaele Iorio, Piergiorgio Drogo, Edoardo Gaj, Edoardo Viglietta, Giuseppe Rossi, Edoardo Monaco, Andrea Ferretti
Many mechanisms have been proposed to explain the origin of suprascapular neuropathy [9,19,22,24,29,36–40] In the general population, suprascapular neuropathy is thought to occur most commonly at the suprascapular notch. Indeed, fractures of the scapula, shoulder dislocation, or other trauma and anatomical variations involving this proximal region are responsible for the majority of cases of suprascapular neuropathy [36,41–43]. In volleyball players, entrapment occurs more frequently at the spinoglenoid notch [19,21,37,38,44]. Several studies reported a much higher prevalence among professional volleyball players [7,18] as compared to players of other overhead sports [29,30,45]. Holzgraefe et al. [16] found a prevalence of up to 33% in German professional volleyball players. The actual prevalence among professional volleyball players found in our study was lower than previously reported. We believed that this could depend on the reduction in the float serve rate that has occurred in the last decades.