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Fabric finishes and surface design
Published in Claudia E. Henninger, Kirsi Niinimäki, Marta Blazquez, Celina Jones, Sustainable Fashion Management, 2023
Claudia E. Henninger, Kirsi Niinimäki, Marta Blazquez, Celina Jones
Another wet process used is bleaching, to ensure a homogenous ground shade, typically used with fabrics containing cotton fibres. This will ensure that subsequent dyeing and printing produce a uniform- colour or print. Singeing can be a further step for cotton fibres, which ensures that any surface fibres are removed and the fabric is smooth in preparation for printing and dyeing. Mercerisation causes cotton fibres to swell, and not only alters the cross section of the fibre for improved interaction with light and better fabric lustre, but also increases the fibre's affinity to dyestuffs. The high pH of the strong alkali used in the mercerisation process affects the pH of effluent from the wet process (Eid and Ibrahim, 2021). It is important to note that all of these processes involve a large amount of water and chemicals prior to applying any aesthetic or performance finishes. This obviously raises environmental concerns if, for example, a piece of cotton greige fabric is subjected to all these wet processes such as desizing, bleaching, mercerisation, and singeing before any dyeing or printing takes place. There are a variety of colourants that can be applied to textiles, and we will focus on the application of a few examples of synthetic dyestuffs and pigments.
Finishing
Published in Michael Hann, Textile Design, 2020
All cloths should be free from impurities prior to finishing, and various pre-finishing processes ensure that this is the case. Textile cloths fresh from the mill are known as grey goods and, before they are ready for application and use, various further stages of processing are required. Singeing (best considered as a pre-finishing treatment) is the process of burning protruding fibre ends on a yarn or cloth to produce a smooth surface, prior to finishing. Starch-type products, known as sizes, used to strengthen warp yarns prior to cloth construction, are washed out from the cloth using a de-sizing agent in some cases and, where the size is water soluble, using hot water. Bleaching assists in the removal of unwanted colouring matter which may be present in the cloth. Scouring is a rigorous cleaning process which aims to remove from the cloth all oils, stains and impurities acquired in processes prior to finishing.
Preparatory Processes Before Printing
Published in Asim Kumar Roy Choudhury, Principles of Textile Printing, 2023
A modern singeing machine should be versatile and should be capable of singeing all types of fabrics, including blends, synthetic filament and spun fabrics. Depending on the type of fabric, singeing positions may vary (Figure 2.4), such as (Bhagawat, 1991): Tangential singeing;Singeing on water-cooled rollers or with counter-acting cool air;Singeing onto free-moving fabric.
Evolution in the surface modification of textiles: a review
Published in Textile Progress, 2018
Ayoub Nadi, Aicha Boukhriss, Aziz Bentis, Ezzoubeir Jabrane, Said Gmouh
Singeing is a technique applied to both yarns and fabrics in order to improve their end use and wearing properties by burning off projecting fibres, yarn ends and fuzz. This is accomplished by passing the fibre or yarn over a gas flame or heated copper plates at a sufficient speed to burn away only the protruding material. Consequently, the structure of the obtained fabric is clearer, the fogginess caused by differing reflection of light by the projecting fibres is reduced and dyed fabrics appear brighter.