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Nanoparticles Modifications of Textiles Using Plasma Technology
Published in Prashansa Sharma, Devsuni Singh, Vivek Dave, Fundamentals of Nano–Textile Science, 2023
Hend M. Ahmed, Mehawed Abdellatif Mohamed, Faten Hassan Hassan Abdellatif
Dyeing is a chemical process used to color the textile fabrics using natural dyes or synthetic dyes. This technique consists of three basic steps: (1) retardation, (2) migration, and (3) diffusion. The quality of dyed garments determines the fastness value, homogeneity of the dyeing process, and the color strengths. In the dyeing process, the dye is smoothly spread on the fabric to achieve colored fabric. There are two techniques for dyeing the fabric: batch wise method (where jigger and jet dyeing machine are used) and continuous method where the dye is padded on fabric and then steaming, dry heat treatment, and soaping are done(Khatri et al., 2015; Lewis, 2014).
Science in Textile Design
Published in Tarun Grover, Mugdha Thareja, Science in Design, 2020
Textile is not just a jumbled business of cloth and colors loosely thrown together but a well-organized industry driven by intensive market research and the intervention of science at different stages of textile production, including spinning, weaving, printing, dyeing, finishing, pattern-making, branding, and labeling, to enhance the aesthetic and value addition of the fabrics. A fiber is a small, short piece of hair of substantial length and diameter. A filament yarn is a long strand of a single substance. In textile yarn, individual fibers or filaments are tied together to make threads. Textile yarn can be made with natural fibers from substances such as wool from sheep, silk from silkworms, or cotton and linen from plants. It can also be made with synthetic or man-made fibers created from a variety of substances like nylon, acrylic, and polyester.
Textile fibres
Published in Michael Hann, Textile Design, 2020
Numerous natural sources provide fibrous matter of one kind or another. Fibres used in the manufacture of textiles require a range of structural properties. They need to be like flexible rods, without branches and with a significantly longer length than the cross-sectional width. Textile fibres (referred to simply as fibres in the subsequent sections) may be classed by reference to their origin; some, like those mentioned in the paragraph above, are naturally occurring and are known as natural fibres, some are reconstituted from natural sources and are known as regenerated fibres and some, manufactured from assemblies of chemicals, are known mainly as synthetic fibres. The term ‘manufactured fibres’ (rather than man-made fibres) will be used in this present book to refer collectively to regenerated and synthetic fibres.
A computer software developed for designing woven patterns and generating machine readable files for sampling looms
Published in The Journal of The Textile Institute, 2023
Woven fabrics are textile structures produced on a loom by interlacing at least two sets of yarns (warp and weft) at right angles to one another. The distribution of interlacement is called as weave design or pattern. Graphical representations of the weaves can be shown by a grid in which columns represent warp and rows represent weft. Each square represents the intersection of a warp yarn and a weft yarn. A mark in a square indicates that end goes over pick while a blank square indicates that the pick is over the end. In the case of color effect presentation, the squares are painted with the color of warp or weft yarns depending on the interlacement of yarns. Conventionally designers draw out the pattern on a squared paper. However, while drawing patterns on paper especially with different color effects, plenty of time is wasted even for a pattern that outlooks for only a piece of fabric. Therefore, Computer Aided Design (CAD) tool has become an essential part of the development and sampling process of the woven fabric design. CAD systems allow designers to display and modify patterns very quickly before weaving the fabric (Cristian & Piroi, 2016; Hu, 2004; Behera et al., 2012; Mathur & Seyam, 2011).
A review on multifunctional nanotechnological aspects in modern textile
Published in The Journal of The Textile Institute, 2022
Prashant D. Sarvalkar, Shubham D. Barawkar, Omkar S. Karvekar, Pandurang D. Patil, Saurabh R. Prasad, Kiran Kumar Sharma, Neeraj R. Prasad, Rajiv S. Vhatkar
Textiles, for example, were originally used to cover the human body, but it is today trendy to wear clothes with multifunctional capabilities to live a better life. Actually, textiles came into existence just at the beginning of human civilization. Early humans were hunters and used to dwell in caves. Hunting humans used to cover their bodies, especially the lower portion of their bodies, with animal skin or plant parts. Later on, humans started using cotton, wool, and silk for the manufacture of fabric. Textiles have been employed in a variety of consumer applications all around the world throughout history. Natural fibres like cotton, silk, and wool, as well as synthetic fibres like polyester and nylon, are still the most widely used fibres in the textile industry. Natural and synthetic fibres have distinct properties that make them best suited primarily for clothing (Patra & Gouda, 2013). The textile industry can be broadly divided into four major categories, such as (1) spinning, (2) weaving, (3) processing, and (4) finishing. With the developmental scenario, the textile industry has also changed a lot from its past forms.
Improved analysis of the dielectric properties of textile materials
Published in The Journal of The Textile Institute, 2021
Prabir K. Mukherjee, Srijan Das
Generally textile materials are fibers or assemblies of fibers. The fibers, natural or synthetic, in turn generally consist of long chain polymers. Dielectric properties of textile materials, hence, depend on their polymeric structure and external factors like the frequency used for measurement, moisture content, temperature and packing density. Investigation of the dielectric properties provides a better insight into the molecular structure of the materials and their behavior at different temperatures and relative humidity. In addition to that dielectric properties play a crucial role regarding the characterization of textile materials in terms of moisture content, mass variation, static charge generation and application of such materials in fabric or fiber reinforced composites, electromagnetic shielding, E-textiles and others. Over the years much progress has taken place on the dielectric properties of textile materials experimentally (Algie, 1964; Bailey & Phelps, 1939; Bal & Kothari, 2010, 2014; Cerovic et al., 2009, 2014; Cote et al., 1991; Hearle, 1953, 1954, 1956; Ishida et al., 1959; Ito & Muraoka, 1993; Jiyong et al., 2017; Kumar, 1978; Maletic et al., 2012; Mustata & Mustata, 2014; Peters, 1969).