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Block-printing and resist-dyeing techniques
Published in Michael Hann, Textile Design, 2020
A typical resist material is wax, used in many parts of Asia, especially Java in Indonesia, a region that, over the years, has excelled in batik production using wax as the principal resist substance. The sub-technique of resist dyeing using wax is known as batik. While this is used as a craft technique worldwide, it is in Java, an island in the Indonesian archipelago, where batik reached its highest level of aesthetic excellence. Traditionally, the batiks produced in the sultanates (or palaces, located in cities such as Surakarta and Yogyakarta) were associated closely with Javanese royalty, and differed in terms of colours, motifs and regular patterns used in comparison with batiks produced elsewhere in Java. Further details were provided by Steinmann (1947) and Larsen (1976).
Antibacterial activities of synthesised Zno nanoparticles applied on reactive dyed batik fabrics
Published in The Journal of The Textile Institute, 2022
Istihanah Nurul Eskani, Widi Astuti, Agus Haerudin, Joni Setiawan, Dwi Wiji Lestari, Tri Widayatno
According to the Indonesian National Standard (SNI) 0239:2014, batik is defined as a craft created using selective dyeing technique. The most common materials used for making batik are fabrics, wax as a colour barrier, and dyes. The selective colourization is achieved by applying hot wax onto the surface of a fabric (or non-fabric) using a canting (batik stamp or writing canting) to form desired patterns of covered surface (BSN, 2014). Commonly, batik motifs are developed based on philosophical values relating to social life and their purpose of use (Steelyana, 2012). When the wax-covered fabric is soaked in dye, the colour of the dye will only be attached to the exposed area, resulting in a unique pattern (Taufiqoh et al., 2018). Thus, after the dyeing process, the desired coloured motifs is formed (Atika & Haerudin, 2013). After the dyeing process, the wax is removed by heating the coloured fabric in boiled water followed by washing and drying by hanging the cloth in the shade (Ristiani, 2017).
A method to extract batik fabric pattern and elements
Published in The Journal of The Textile Institute, 2021
Batik refers to the technique of applying wax as a dye-resistant medium on fabrics and obtaining patterns through dyeing. It is one of the common hand-printing processes in China (He, 2019). Batik is a treasure of Chinese traditional handicraft, which has its unique historical value, appreciation value and practical value. However, with the rapid development of the times, people's aesthetics have changed tremendously. The materials, patterns, colors, and expressions of batik artworks are too old, lack of innovation, and do not meet the aesthetic taste of modern people. This ancient and unique craft is facing extinction (Yang, 2017). Batik as a national intangible cultural heritage should be better inherited and innovative. With the development of information technology, the call for digital inheritance of intangible cultural heritage has increased. The digital protection of intangible cultural heritage refers to the use of digital acquisition, digital storage, digital processing, digital display, digital dissemination and other technologies to transform the intangible cultural heritage into a renewable and remotely shareable digital form with new perspectives and needs (Wang, 2015). Protecting the traditional batik process in digital form can directly display the cultural connotation of batik process, which is beneficial to the inheritance and development of batik culture (Zhang, 2016). At present, the digital protection and inheritance of batik are mainly reflected in the image collection of batik fabric patterns and the video recording of batik pattern making process. This is beneficial to the protection of batik process, and also provides inspiration for the design field. However, in order to reuse batik patterns, designers often use design software to manually extract the pattern contours to obtain a clear, editable pattern contours, and then can innovate design the pattern. This process not only consumes a lot of time, but also requires the designer to have a strong design background to avoid problems such as low accuracy in extracting contours.