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Heterojunction Photocatalysts: Boon for Water Purification
Published in A. Pandikumar, K. Jothivenkatachalam, S. Moscow, Heterojunction Photocatalytic Materials, 2022
Ariharaputhiran Anitha, Amalraj John
Though dyes make our living ambiances colorful, it hazardously affects our environment by polluting water reserves. Effluent from the dyeing industry contains colored pigments that are carcinogenic, harmful, and nonbiodegradable. Dyes in the effluent affect the aqueous environment badly even below the concentration of 1 ppm. Providing quality water to every human being in a sustainable manner is essential for their development. At this juncture, recycling and reuse of wastewater from different sources is mandatory. Different methods are adopted to recycle the effluent from dyeing industry, but they dispose the secondary pollutants to the environment. So it is a great challenge for the people of this century to find a material for wastewater treatment that can effectively degrade dyes, with zero emission of secondary pollutants and without the consumption of renewable energy resources. In this state of affairs, a photocatalyst that can degrade the dyes at room temperature, within few hours through greener approach of utilizing the solar energy, emerges as a savior of environment.
Nanomechanics, Recent Advancements in Nanotechnology, and the Visionary Future
Published in Abu Zahrim Yaser, Poonam Khullar, A. K. Haghi, Green Materials and Environmental Chemistry, 2021
Uddin et al. [5] discussed with vast scientific far-sightedness application of NMs in the remediation of textile effluents from aqueous solutions. Technological verve and motivation, the deep scientific ingenuity and vision will today surely unravel the scientific intricacies of environmental remediation globally [5]. Textile dyes, if present in wastewater, have hazardous and deleterious effects on the life of aquatic animals and human beings [5]. The challenges and the targets of wastewater treatment are immense and groundbreaking today. Textile, finishing, and dye manufacturing industries release a large quantity of wastewater containing toxic dye-stuffs into the aquatic systems. Dyes are widely used for coloring products in several industries such as textiles, leather, paper, rubbers, paint, tannery, pharmaceuticals, plastics, foodstuffs, cosmetics, etc. [5]. This paper also classifies various types of dyes. Adsorption of various dyes on NMs stands as a major hallmark of this research pursuit. The applications of various types of NMs and engineered NMs in water and wastewater treatment are the major pillars of this paper [5].
Biosorption and Discolorization of Textile Dye Effluent Using Fungi Isolated From Soil Samples Collected Near Textile Dye Industry
Published in Bakrudeen Ali Ahmed Abdul, Microbial Biofilms, 2020
Since some of the dyes are harmful, dye-containing wastes are important environmental problems (Spadarry et al., 1994). These dyes are poorly biodegradable because of their structures, and treatment of wastewater-containing dyes usually involves physical and chemical methods (Kim and Shoda 1999) such as adsorption, coagulation, flocculation, oxidation, filtration, and electrochemical methods (Calabro et al., 1991). Synthetic dyes are produced to large amounts and are used in different industrial branches including the textile industry. Dye wastewaters discharged from textile and dyestuff industries have to be treated due to their impact on water bodies, and growing public concern over their toxicity and carcinogenicity in particular.
Photocatalytic, antioxidant and antibacterial potential of bio-synthesized ZnO nanoparticles derived from espresso spent coffee grounds: optimization by central composite design
Published in Inorganic and Nano-Metal Chemistry, 2023
Nikoo Ostovar, Nima Mohammadi, Farnaz Khodadadeh
One of the coloring agents generally used in food resources, cosmetics, shells of medicinal capsules, sirups, and vitamins are Tz. Tz (C16H9N4Na3O9S2) is an anionic dye that discharges anions in an aqueous environment. Although it is used in several kinds of food materials, its higher volume can possess carcinogenic and mutagenic repercussions. Thyroid, cancer, migraine, asthma, hypersensitivity, itching, blurred vision, and skin eczema are some of the diseases caused by breathing too much Tz. Therefore, due to the adverse effects and toxicity problems of dyes, an eco-friendly and cost-effective method for removing them from wastewater before discharging them into the environment should be taken into account.[4]
Application of biorefinery by-product of Nigella sativa L. herb for green treatment of synthetic dye impurity in aquatic environment: a circular economy based approach to water purification
Published in International Journal of Phytoremediation, 2023
Water, which is one of the most precious materials for the existence and healthy continuation of living life, is polluted day by day with human intervention and becomes more unusable. Among the major types of contaminants that create serious pressure on water, the synthetic-based dyes constitute one of the most important global issues today. The synthetic dyes are commonly used chemical compounds in various industrial areas like mainly the textile, food, paper, leather, and plastic industries to color the products. Mostly because of the low fixation rate of synthetic dyes, the industrial effluents contain large amounts of these chemicals and are often discharged into the receiving water environment without adequate treatment. The synthetic dyes decrease the clarity and oxygen solubility of water, increase the chemical/biological oxygen demand, and spoil the appearance of water. They limit the photosynthetic activity of organisms by reducing the penetration of sunlight into aquatic environment. In addition, many of the synthetic dyes and their degradation products have accumulative, allergic, toxic, mutagenic, and carcinogenic effects causing various diseases and even death on human and other living beings (Hassan and Carr 2018; Pavithra et al.2019; Zhou et al.2019; Sarkar and Dey 2021). Therefore, it is vital that these dangerous compounds are effectively removed from aqueous medium, even if they are present in very low concentrations.
Natural Basil as Photosensitizer with ZnO Thin Films for Solar Cell Applications
Published in IETE Journal of Research, 2022
Tulshi Shiyani, S. K. Mahapatra, Indrani Banerjee
The dye can be classified into two main categories: natural and synthetic. Ruthenium (Ru)-based synthetic dyes have been used by most of the researchers. Ruthenium is a heavy metal and rare earth element. Hence, they are very costly and have not environment-friendly nature [14]. The synthetic dye can be replaced by natural dyes. Natural dyes can be simply extracted from plants, seeds, flowers, fruits, leaves, and vegetables. Natural dyes have received important attention in research because of abundant and non-toxic materials, low cost, and eco-friendly behavior [15]. Natural dye plays an important role to increase light absorption in hybrid solar cells. For effective performance, the highest occupied molecular orbit and lowest unoccupied molecular orbit (HOMO and LUMO) of the dye exist in the band gap and the conduction band of the semiconductor, respectively [16,17].