China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Role of High-Performance VLSI in the Advancement of Healthcare Systems
Published in Balwinder Raj, Brij B. Gupta, Jeetendra Singh, Advanced Circuits and Systems for Healthcare and Security Applications, 2023
Jeetendra Singh, Balwant Raj, Monirujjaman Khan
The semiconductor industry growth has been very fast in the past few years and the semiconductor devices are evolving in such a way that we can implement these devices in so many applications and in so many fields like medical, business, construction, manufacturing industries, etc. Electronic system design manufacturing (ESDM) industry is one of the fastest-growing industries in India. Very-large-scale integration (VLSI) is the process that implements the number of ICs in one single chip using hundreds and thousands of transistors and resistors. The VLSI industry has evolved so much in the past few years. And the most of the devices are now used in the medical field also for monitoring the health of the patient and to control the devices that are used for treatment purposes. Also, VLSI devices have been found in automobiles, cell phones, cameras, and a variety of other applications. Advances in process geometry, feature, and product developments have increased the demand for IC design, development, and re-engineering. Core-based design must be investigated to satisfy the growing demand since it has the potential to increase performance.
Applications of Machine Learning in VLSI Design
Published in Sandeep Saini, Kusum Lata, G.R. Sinha, VLSI and Hardware Implementations Using Modern Machine Learning Methods, 2021
Sneh Saurabh, Pranav Jain, Madhvi Agarwal, OVS Shashank Ram
Logic synthesis and physical design are the main tasks in the VLSI design flow. Due to computational complexity, we divide them into multiple steps. Some key steps are multi-level logic synthesis, budgeting, technology mapping, timing optimization, chip planning, placement, clock network synthesis, and routing. Nevertheless, each of these steps is still computationally difficult. Typically, EDA tools employ several heuristics to obtain a solution. The heuristics are guided by tool options and user-specified settings. The QoR strongly depends on them. Note that these steps are sequential. Therefore, the solution produced by a step impacts all subsequent tasks. A designer often adjusts the tool settings and inputs based on experience and intuition to achieve the desired QoR. We can reduce design effort in these tasks and improve the QoR by employing ML tools and techniques, as explained in the following paragraphs.
VLSI Scaling and Fabrication
Published in Manoj Kumar Majumder, Vijay Rao Kumbhare, Aditya Japa, Brajesh Kumar Kaushik, Introduction to Microelectronics to Nanoelectronics, 2020
Manoj Kumar Majumder, Vijay Rao Kumbhare, Aditya Japa, Brajesh Kumar Kaushik
The VLSI chips are broadly categorized into analog- and digital-based circuit implementation. The functionality of a digital IC depends on the binary level of inputs, that is, 0's and 1's. The analog ICs basically work by processing the continuous signal and are used for amplification, filtering, modulation, etc. The design process of a digital IC is mostly automated and transistor on a chip consumes less power and supply in comparison to the analog IC. The hardware description language (HDL) is used to describe the digital circuits, while analog cannot be described using HDL, and the analog modules need to be separated from the entire design process due to separate requirements of the ground terminals. In the case of analog VLSI, the impact of noise is more severe due to direct injection into the real system while testing the circuits. In a digital VLSI circuit, it is easy to identify the faults and has a lower impact on noise.
Design and Simulation of Reliable Low Power CMOS Logic Gates
Published in IETE Journal of Research, 2023
The basic needs for the VLSI systems are small size, low power dissipation and high speed. Semiconductor era is regularly focusing on device size scaling to incorporate more elements on a chip. Minimization of devices in nanoscaled regime effectively reduces the chip area and enhancing the speed of the devices. Miniaturization of the semiconductor devices is the process to get smaller device measurements, thus adding more devices on a chip. Each new technology node not only enlarges the device density but also enhances the switching speed of the logic circuits [1]. Technology node scaling affects the voltage levels of the devices such as power supply and threshold voltage. Scaling of the voltage levels increases performance of logic circuits. Threshold voltage scaling causes large leakage current of the concerned device [2].
A Novel Slice-Based High-Performance ALU Design Using Prospective Single Electron Transistor
Published in IETE Journal of Research, 2022
Rashmit Patel, Yash Agrawal, Rutu Parekh
The VLSI design demands high chip density, high speed, and low power. These can be effectively attained by scaling. However, continuous scaling of devices causes various non-ideal issues such as short channel effect, higher power dissipation, considerable leakage current, process variability, and design reliability [1,2]. These can be projectively mitigated by incorporating advance devices like single electron transistor (SET) [3]. The SET can be fabricated with back end of line (BEOL) process that aids in efficient on-chip integration. The compatibility of SET-CMOS integrated logic operation at 22 nm is shown in [4]. The SET consists of two tunnel junctions that are separated from the source and drain electrodes by a conductive island. The connection to the island makes the two gates that enable switching ON/OFF the SET device [5]. The SET device structure is shown in Figure 1 that comprises source (s), drain (d), control gate (g1), and tuning gate (g2). There have been several researches performed on SET [6,7]. Various logic cell designs using dual gate SET at room temperature are shown in [5]. Using the same technology, a SET-based computing system can be designed.
CMOS Implementation of a Novel High Speed 4:2 Compressor for Fast Arithmetic Circuits
Published in IETE Journal of Research, 2023
M. Ghasemzadeh, N. Mohabbatian, Kh. Hadidi
The demand for high-speed electronic devices is increasing day by day. Hence the development of fast and efficient system design has been a subject of interest in recent years. Nowadays, the most important issues in VLSI design are power consumption, area, and speed. Most computer arithmetic applications are implemented using digital logic circuits. Multiplication is the most important operation in many applications which are carried out in high-speed digital processors [1, 2]. The speed of a processor greatly depends on its multiplier’s performance. Therefore, the design of multipliers is critical in digital signal processing applications where a high number of multiplications are required.