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Enabling Factors and Emerging Techniques
Published in Wen Sun, Qubeijian Wang, Nan Zhao, Haibin Zhang, Chao Shen, Ultra-Dense Heterogeneous Networks, 2023
Wen Sun, Haibin Zhang, Nan Zhao, Chao Shen, Lawrence Wai-Choong Wong
In April 2010, China Mobile released the C-RAN white paper on the new wireless network architecture for green evolution officially, expounding the future development vision of centralized baseband processing network architecture technology. C-RAN refers to the green wireless access network architecture based on centralized processing, collaboration radio, and real-time cloud Infrastructure [182]. Different from traditional distributed BSs, C-RAN breaks the fixed connection between remote RF unit (RRU) and baseband unit (BBU). RRUs are deployed near the antennas to greatly reduce attenuation caused by the feeder. Meanwhile, BBUs are migrated to the central machine room uniformly to form a BBU pool. Then, RRUs can connect with the central machine room through the pre-transmission network and create favorable conditions for inter-cell cooperation.
Overview, Motivations and Frameworks
Published in F. Richard Yu, Tao Huang, Garima Ameta, Yunjie Liu, Integrated Networking, Caching, and Computing, 2018
F. Richard Yu, Tao Huang, Garima Ameta, Yunjie Liu
The merging of cloud computing and RAN forms the so‐called cloud RAN (C‐RAN), whose most significant innovation is that the computationally intensive baseband processing tasks are executed by a centralized cloud baseband unit (BBU) pool, instead of the traditional distributed baseband processing devices at the base station sites [81]. By adding the content caching functionality into conventional C‐RAN, C‐RAN with caching as a service (CaaS) is considered a promising approach to overcome the limitations of core network caching, due to the fact that the content is moved from a core network to a RAN, and hence is much closer to UE. In C‐RAN with CaaS, the BBU pool can offer larger caching space than that of BSs, and the centralized BBU pool can facilitate solving the distributed content placement problem over geographically scattered BSs. Nevertheless, C‐RAN with CaaS doesn’t do well in fronthaul traffic mitigation.
Distributed Architecture of 5G Mobile Networks for Efficient Computation Management in Mobile Edge Computing
Published in Hrishikesh Venkatarman, Ramona Trestian, 5G Radio Access Networks: Centralized RAN, Cloud-RAN, and Virtualization of Small Cells, 2017
Zdenek Becvar, Matej Rohlik, Pavel Mach, Michal Vondra, Tomas Vanek, Miguel A. Puente, Felicia Lobillo
Besides the cost and energy efficiency of C-RAN, it has been shown that C-RAN can also significantly improve the performance of promising technologies, increasing the network coverage and capacity; such as with coordinated multipoint (CoMP) [21, 22], multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) [23], or non-orthogonal multiple access [24] technologies. The performance gain reported in these papers indicates that C-RAN can significantly contribute to the evolution of mobile networks toward 5G and can help to meet requirements on 5G mobile networks.
Social C-RAN: Novel Futuristic Paradigm for Next-Generation Cellular Networks
Published in IETE Technical Review, 2018
Farooque Hassan Kumbhar, Sukhdeep Singh, Navrati Saxena, Abhishek Roy
Distributed wireless communication system (DWCS) was introduced in 2003 as a potential solution to solve the problems mentioned above. It recommended a centralized signal-processing system for multiple base stations (BS), connected via an optical fibre for data forwarding. However, due to inseparable hardware constraint, centralization was found infeasible. In 2010, IBM put forward an idea of Cloud Radio Access Network (C-RAN) [5] which was later detailed by China Mobile [6] in 2011. C-RAN has the prospects to overcome DWCS's limitation of centralized BS processing and the aforesaid cellular network challenges [7]. C-RAN contemplates a segregated mobile network, where processing is carried out at a centralized base band unit (BBU), and signal processing is done by remote radio heads (RRHs). Distributed antenna system (DAS) is the basis of C-RAN. According to DAS, single macro cell is further divided in to number of sectors, where antenna units are geographically distributed in a macro cell. These antennae are known as remote antenna units (RAU) or RRH. All RRHs/RAUs are connected to centralized units, i.e. BBU through optical fibre [8,9]. Centralized processing units (BBUs) support a number of geographically distributed antennas (RRHs), enabling cloud computing principles, resulting in better management of massive service coverage, excessive traffic load and an enormous customer base support. C-RAN envisions to deliver significant benefits like green infrastructure, low CapEX/OpEX, high capacity gain, versatile traffic support and smart cooperative transmissions [10,11] (shown in Figure 1). Highly dense cellular network, i.e. C-RAN, is proposed to be one of the essential element for the growth of Long-Term Evolution (LTE), as well as next-generation cellular networks. C-RAN promises to be the genesis of significant benefits, but its virtues can be substantially enhanced, thus garnering interests as an open research area. A paradigm, parallel to propitious C-RAN, is in need to work as a suitable communication and management entity.