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Privacy preservation and authentication protocol for BBU-pool in C-RAN architecture
Published in Brij B. Gupta, Nadia Nedjah, Safety, Security, and Reliability of Robotic Systems, 2020
Byomakesh Mahapatra, Awaneesh Kumar Yadav, Shailesh Kumar, Ashok Kumar Turuk
Based on the functionality, the whole architecture of C-RAN is divided into following subunits: Remote radio head (RRH): RRH is an RF unit which sends and receives the uplink/downlink signal through a set of RF channels toward the UE and C-BBU.Centralized baseband unit (C-BBU): C-BBU performs all the control and processing activities of the C-RAN. This unit consists of a number of VMs, which are created with the help of a guest OS. The guest OS or VMs are controlled by another application run over a host OS known as hypervisor or virtual machine manager as shown in Figure 12.2. Fronthaul and backhaul connection: The fronthaul and backhaul are wired or wireless type connections, where the former one is used for signal transmission between RRH and BBUs and latter one for signal transmission between BBU and core network.
Hybrid power supply solutions for off-grid green wireless networks
Published in International Journal of Green Energy, 2019
Abu Jahid, Kamrul Hasan Monju, Sanwar Hossain, Farhad Hossain
In general, cellular networks are designed to serve user equipments (UEs) on peak-time periods, resulting in significant wastage of electrical energy during off-peak time. It is widely recognized that BS power consumption is directly varied with their respective traffic load apart from the static signal processing equipment. As a consequence, this could lead a mismatch between power supply system and telecommunication load while dimensioning the entire system architecture. Furthermore, the previous works do not analyzed the sustainability of modern cellular network for various system bandwidth and BS transmission power. However, existing proposed schemes are focused on optimizing hybrid PV/WT (Alsharif and Kim 2016; Hossain, Jahid, and Rahman 2018) or PV/DG (Oviroh and Jen 2018) or PV-WT/grid systems (Ahmed et al. 2018) for wireless networks taking into account traditional macro sites. Currently, modern cellular BSs are widely deployed with Remote Radio Head (RRH) unit. RRH is connected to the power amplifier (PA) sections via a fiber optic link from the baseband unit (BBU), potentially reducing the coaxial feeder line losses occurred in the conventional macrocell. Moreover, Long-Term Evolution (LTE) BS with RRH offers a high level of flexibility in cell site construction and increases system efficiency without sacrificing QoS (Jahid and Hossain 2017a).
Social C-RAN: Novel Futuristic Paradigm for Next-Generation Cellular Networks
Published in IETE Technical Review, 2018
Farooque Hassan Kumbhar, Sukhdeep Singh, Navrati Saxena, Abhishek Roy
Remote radio unit (RRU)/RRH is a signal-processing unit which is responsible for providing wireless signal coverage and basic signal-processing capabilities like (1) analog-to-digital conversion, (2) digital-to-analog conversion and (3) other signal-processing operations, like filtering, amplification and modulation [12].