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Sustainable use of seaweed for biofuel
Published in Chris Saffron, Achieving carbon negative bioenergy systems from plant materials, 2020
Jay Liu, Boris Brigljević, Peyman Fasahati
approximately 4.5 million dry tons, or $35.8 billion.1321 Only 6% of the global amount produced in 2012 was from harvesting wild seaweed, with the great majority coming from seaweed farming. The sector has grown significantly since 1995 when production stood at 7.55 million wet tons with 52% from wild harvesting, as shown in Fig. 4.'9,32-341 The growth in seaweed cultivation is mainly concentrated in China, Indonesia, the Philippines and the Republic of Korea, which accounted for 96% of global seaweed production in 2016. China and Indonesia currently account for 47.9% and 38.7% of overall production, respectively, making them dominant players in the seaweed farming market.
Recent advances in conventional and genetically modified macroalgal biomass as substrates in bioethanol production: a review
Published in Biofuels, 2023
Priyadharsini P, Dawn SS, Arun J, Alok Ranjan, Jayaprabakar J
Research on the manufacture of macroalgae-based bioethanol was deemed a promising technology as a result of carbon neutrality, rapid growth, no fertile soil demands, no refractory molecules of lignin and no requirement for pesticides, water or fertilizer for its growth. These characteristics mean that macroalgae have significant future possibilities for bioethanol production as a sustainable, unused biomass resource [122]. The process of marketing requires further refining of the biomass hydrolysis and fermentation processes on a laboratory scale for effective extension into large quantities. Enhanced understanding of marine algae structure, biochemistry and genetics is needed. For maximum biomass hydrolysis, other pathways, such as enzyme cocktails or mixed enzymes, which lead to a high level of alcohol, need to be channelled. It is necessary to consider the influence of seaweed farming on water biodiversity and societal acceptability. Moreover, due to the wide range of polysaccharide contents, the potential of macroalgae biomass may be improved by adopting the biological refinery technique. Improved value-adding bio-based products can be subsumed under the existing framework. A macroalgae-based processing technique of the next generation can therefore be created to fulfil the full potential of the feedstock of macroalgae [5].